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These cells can produce relatively high quantities of new virions. In part, this can be attributed to the characteristics of astrocyte metabolism and its abundant and dynamic cytoskeleton network. Astrocytes are anatomically localized adjacent to interfaces between blood capillaries and brain parenchyma and between blood capillaries and brain ventricles. Moreover, astrocytes exhibit a larger membrane interface with the extracellular space than neurons. These properties, together with the expression of various and numerous viral entry receptors, a relatively high rate of endocytosis, and morphological plasticity of intracellular organelles, render astrocytes important target cells in neurotropic infections. In this review, we describe factors that mediate the high susceptibility of astrocytes to viral infection and replication, including the anatomic localization of astrocytes, morphology, expression of viral entry receptors, and various forms of autophagy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12182307","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,19]],"date-time":"2023-09-19T02:26:17Z","timestamp":1695090377000},"page":"2307","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Astrocytes Are a Key Target for Neurotropic Viral Infection"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6637-0635","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maja","family":"Potokar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology\u2013Molecular Cell Physiology, Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Zalo\u0161ka 4, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"},{"name":"Celica Biomedical, Tehnolo\u0161ki Park 24, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7478-3875","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert","family":"Zorec","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology\u2013Molecular Cell Physiology, Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Zalo\u0161ka 4, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"},{"name":"Celica Biomedical, Tehnolo\u0161ki Park 24, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3550-2011","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jernej","family":"Jorga\u010devski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology\u2013Molecular Cell Physiology, Institute of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Zalo\u0161ka 4, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"},{"name":"Celica Biomedical, Tehnolo\u0161ki Park 24, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1053\/spid.2003.127223","article-title":"Viral meningitis and encephalitis: Traditional and emerging viral agents","volume":"14","author":"Romero","year":"2003","journal-title":"Semin. 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