{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T05:17:19Z","timestamp":1784351839954,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,30]],"date-time":"2023-11-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701302400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"NEI\/NIH","award":["R01 EY024349 (ARD)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 EY024349 (ARD)"]}]},{"name":"NEI\/NIH","award":["UH3 EY031809 (ARD)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UH3 EY031809 (ARD)"]}]},{"name":"NEI\/NIH","award":["EY01792"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EY01792"]}]},{"name":"NEI\/NIH","award":["VR170180"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["VR170180"]}]},{"name":"NEI\/NIH","award":["R01 EY024349 (ARD)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 EY024349 (ARD)"]}]},{"name":"NEI\/NIH","award":["UH3 EY031809 (ARD)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UH3 EY031809 (ARD)"]}]},{"name":"NEI\/NIH","award":["EY01792"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EY01792"]}]},{"name":"NEI\/NIH","award":["VR170180"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["VR170180"]}]},{"name":"NEI\/NIH","award":["R01 EY024349 (ARD)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 EY024349 (ARD)"]}]},{"name":"NEI\/NIH","award":["UH3 EY031809 (ARD)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UH3 EY031809 (ARD)"]}]},{"name":"NEI\/NIH","award":["EY01792"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EY01792"]}]},{"name":"NEI\/NIH","award":["VR170180"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["VR170180"]}]},{"name":"Department of Defense","award":["R01 EY024349 (ARD)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 EY024349 (ARD)"]}]},{"name":"Department of Defense","award":["UH3 EY031809 (ARD)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UH3 EY031809 (ARD)"]}]},{"name":"Department of Defense","award":["EY01792"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EY01792"]}]},{"name":"Department of Defense","award":["VR170180"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["VR170180"]}]},{"name":"Research to Prevent Blindness","award":["R01 EY024349 (ARD)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 EY024349 (ARD)"]}]},{"name":"Research to Prevent Blindness","award":["UH3 EY031809 (ARD)"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UH3 EY031809 (ARD)"]}]},{"name":"Research to Prevent Blindness","award":["EY01792"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EY01792"]}]},{"name":"Research to Prevent Blindness","award":["VR170180"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["VR170180"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Mesenchymal stem\/stromal cells (MSCs) are considered a valuable option to treat ocular surface disorders such as mustard keratopathy (MK). MK often leads to vision impairment due to corneal opacification and neovascularization and cellular senescence seems to have a role in its pathophysiology. Herein, we utilized intrastromal MSC injections to treat MK. Thirty-two mice were divided into four groups based on the exposure to 20 mM or 40 mM concentrations of mustard and receiving the treatment or not. Mice were clinically and histopathologically examined. Histopathological evaluations were completed after the euthanasia of mice after four months and included hematoxylin and eosin (H&amp;E), CK12, and beta-galactosidase (\u03b2-gal) staining. The treatment group demonstrated reduced opacity compared to the control group. While corneal neovascularization did not display significant variations between the groups, the control group did register higher numerical values. Histopathologically, reduced CK12 staining was detected in the control group. Additionally, \u03b2-gal staining areas were notably lower in the treatment group. Although the treated groups showed lower severity of fibrosis compared to the control groups, statistical difference was not significant. In conclusion, it seems that delivery of MSCs in MK has exhibited promising therapeutic results, notably in reducing corneal opacity. Furthermore, the significant reduction in the \u03b2-galactosidase staining area may point towards the promising anti-senescence potential of MSCs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12232744","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,30]],"date-time":"2023-11-30T09:37:54Z","timestamp":1701337074000},"page":"2744","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["The Potential of Mesenchymal Stem\/Stromal Cell Therapy in Mustard Keratopathy: Discovering New Roads to Combat Cellular Senescence"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6546-3546","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad","family":"Soleimani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1336616351, Iran"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60612, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arash","family":"Mirzaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1336616351, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1273-9166","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kasra","family":"Cheraqpour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Eye Research Center, Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1336616351, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seyed Mahbod","family":"Baharnoori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60612, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zohreh","family":"Arabpour","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60612, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mohammad Javad","family":"Ashraf","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60612, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9275-3813","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mahmood","family":"Ghassemi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60612, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali R.","family":"Djalilian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL 60612, USA"},{"name":"Cornea Service, Stem Cell Therapy and Corneal Tissue Engineering Laboratory, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, 1855 W. Taylor Street, M\/C 648, Chicago, IL 60612, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"257","DOI":"10.1097\/ICO.0000000000000685","article-title":"Nitrogen mustard-induced corneal injury involves DNA damage and pathways related to inflammation, epithelial-stromal separation and neovascularization","volume":"35","author":"Goswami","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cornea"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102840","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dnarep.2020.102840","article-title":"Cross-linking of the DNA repair protein O6-alkylguanine DNA alkyltransferase to DNA in the presence of cisplatin","volume":"89","author":"Ming","year":"2020","journal-title":"DNA Repair"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2020.03.008","article-title":"DNA damage signaling in the cellular responses to mustard vesicants","volume":"326","author":"Jan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Toxicol. 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