{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,8]],"date-time":"2026-04-08T03:52:24Z","timestamp":1775620344727,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":179,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,12]],"date-time":"2023-12-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702339200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RO1HL134366"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RO1HL134366"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RO1HL158951"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RO1HL158951"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RO1HL15895"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RO1HL15895"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["RO1 CA221813"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RO1 CA221813"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The inhibition of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) with rapamycin (RAPA) provides protection against myocardial ischemia\/reperfusion (I\/R) injury in diabetes. Since interactions between transcripts, including long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), microRNA(miRNA) and mRNA, regulate the pathophysiology of disease, we performed unbiased miRarray profiling in the heart of diabetic rabbits following I\/R injury with\/without RAPA treatment to identify differentially expressed (DE) miRNAs and their predicted targets of lncRNAs\/mRNAs. Results showed that among the total of 806 unique miRNAs targets, 194 miRNAs were DE after I\/R in diabetic rabbits. Specifically, eight miRNAs, including miR-199a-5p, miR-154-5p, miR-543-3p, miR-379-3p, miR-379-5p, miR-299-5p, miR-140-3p, and miR-497-5p, were upregulated and 10 miRNAs, including miR-1-3p, miR-1b, miR-29b-3p, miR-29c-3p, miR-30e-3p, miR-133c, miR-196c-3p, miR-322-5p, miR-499-5p, and miR-672-5p, were significantly downregulated after I\/R injury. Interestingly, RAPA treatment significantly reversed these changes in miRNAs. Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) enrichment analysis indicated the participation of miRNAs in the regulation of several signaling pathways related to I\/R injury, including MAPK signaling and apoptosis. Furthermore, in diabetic hearts, the expression of lncRNAs, HOTAIR, and GAS5 were induced after I\/R injury, but RAPA suppressed these lncRNAs. In contrast, MALAT1 was significantly reduced following I\/R injury, with the increased expression of miR-199a-5p and suppression of its target, the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2. RAPA recovered MALAT1 expression with its sponging effect on miR-199-5p and restoration of Bcl-2 expression. The identification of novel targets from the transcriptome analysis in RAPA-treated diabetic hearts could potentially lead to the development of new therapeutic strategies for diabetic patients with myocardial infarction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells12242820","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,12]],"date-time":"2023-12-12T04:28:31Z","timestamp":1702355311000},"page":"2820","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Integrated Analysis of lncRNA\u2013miRNA\u2013mRNA Regulatory Network in Rapamycin-Induced Cardioprotection against Ischemia\/Reperfusion Injury in Diabetic Rabbits"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"12","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5360-2553","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Arun","family":"Samidurai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Pauley Heart Center, Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8064-521X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amy L.","family":"Olex","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wright Center for Clinical and Translational Research, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ramzi","family":"Ockaili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Pauley Heart Center, Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Donatas","family":"Kraskauskas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Pauley Heart Center, Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sean K.","family":"Roh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Pauley Heart Center, Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rakesh C.","family":"Kukreja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Pauley Heart Center, Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4422-7277","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anindita","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Cardiology, Pauley Heart Center, Internal Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1550","DOI":"10.1007\/s00125-019-4926-x","article-title":"Diabetes as a risk factor for heart failure in women and men: A systematic review and meta-analysis of 47 cohorts including 12 million individuals","volume":"62","author":"Ohkuma","year":"2019","journal-title":"Diabetologia"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2774","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.118.034986","article-title":"Incidence of Hospitalization for Heart Failure and Case-Fatality Among 3.25 Million People With and Without Diabetes Mellitus","volume":"138","author":"McAllister","year":"2018","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(73)80079-7","article-title":"Clinical features of unrecognized myocardial infarction\u2014silent and symptomatic. 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