{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,9]],"date-time":"2026-04-09T04:05:54Z","timestamp":1775707554667,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,30]],"date-time":"2023-12-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1703894400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"Hallym Research Fund and the Bio &amp; Medical Technology Development Program of the National Research Foundation (NRF)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021R1A6A3A01087750"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021R1A6A3A01087750"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"Hallym Research Fund and the Bio &amp; Medical Technology Development Program of the National Research Foundation (NRF)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021R1C1C1005746"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021R1C1C1005746"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) ameliorate T-and B cell-mediated immune responses. In particular, tonsil-MSCs (T-MSCs) are attractive candidates for practical and clinical applications because of their ease of acquisition and relatively low immunogenicity compared with other MSC sources. The use of MSCs as a therapeutic tool in atopic dermatitis (AD) has been investigated, but that of T-MSCs remains to be explored. Therefore, we investigated the immunomodulatory effects of primed T-MSCs in AD pathogenesis. In our animal study, primed T-MSCs showed greater immunological suppressive effects than na\u00efve T-MSCs. Additionally, in vitro, the proliferation of B cells was downregulated by the addition of primed T-MSCs compared with na\u00efve T-MSCs. The activation of B cells to differentiate into antibody-secreting cells and produce IgE was also reduced when primed T-MSCs were added. Moreover, under CD40-knockdown conditions, we found that CD40 in primed T-MSCs played a critical role as a regulator of B cell activation and was mediated by the non-canonical NF-\u03baB pathway. Therefore, our findings suggest a promising role for primed T-MSCs in the treatment of AD by regulating B cell-mediated inflammatory responses, which are dependent on CD40 expression on primed T-MSCs mediated through the non-canonical NF-\u03baB pathway.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells13010080","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,31]],"date-time":"2023-12-31T06:37:12Z","timestamp":1704004632000},"page":"80","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Immunomodulatory Effects of Primed Tonsil-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells on Atopic Dermatitis via B Cell Regulation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Dong-Kyu","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Institute of New Frontier Research, Division of Big Data and Artificial Intelligence, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hyun-Joo","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of New Frontier Research, Division of Big Data and Artificial Intelligence, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Il Hwan","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jae-Jun","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of New Frontier Research, Division of Big Data and Artificial Intelligence, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, Chuncheon Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University College of Medicine, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"313","DOI":"10.1016\/j.stem.2008.03.002","article-title":"Mesenchymal stem cells: Revisiting history, concepts, and assays","volume":"2","author":"Bianco","year":"2008","journal-title":"Cell Stem Cell"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12","DOI":"10.1186\/1478-811X-9-12","article-title":"Different populations and sources of human mesenchymal stem cells (MSC): A comparison of adult and neonatal tissue-derived MSC","volume":"9","author":"Hass","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cell Commun. 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