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The absence of functional dystrophin in DMD patients reduces sarcolemma stiffness and increases contraction damage, triggering a cascade of events leading to muscle cell degeneration, chronic inflammation, and deposition of fibrotic and adipose tissue. Efforts in the last decade have led to the clinical approval of novel drugs for DMD that aim to restore dystrophin function. However, combination therapies able to restore dystrophin expression and target the myriad of cellular events found impaired in dystrophic muscle are desirable. Muscles are higher energy consumers susceptible to mitochondrial defects. Mitochondria generate a significant source of reactive oxygen species (ROS), and they are, in turn, sensitive to proper redox balance. In both DMD patients and animal models there is compelling evidence that mitochondrial impairments have a key role in the failure of energy homeostasis. Here, we highlighted the main aspects of mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress in DMD and discussed the recent findings linked to mitochondria\/ROS-targeted molecules as a therapeutic approach. In this respect, dual targeting of both mitochondria and redox homeostasis emerges as a potential clinical option in DMD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells13070574","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,26]],"date-time":"2024-03-26T13:16:41Z","timestamp":1711459001000},"page":"574","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":32,"title":["Mitochondria and Reactive Oxygen Species: The Therapeutic Balance of Powers for Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4393-7691","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Silvia Rosanna","family":"Casati","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine (BioMeTra), Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano, via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20054 Segrate, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2727-9449","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Davide","family":"Cervia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Innovation in Biological, Agro-Food and Forest Systems (DIBAF), Universit\u00e0 degli Studi della Tuscia, Largo dell\u2019Universit\u00e0 snc, 01100 Viterbo, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paulina","family":"Roux-Biejat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (DIBIC), Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano, via G.B. Grassi 74, 20157 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6614-665X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Claudia","family":"Moscheni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (DIBIC), Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano, via G.B. Grassi 74, 20157 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6680-4536","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristiana","family":"Perrotta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (DIBIC), Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano, via G.B. Grassi 74, 20157 Milano, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0365-7414","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Clara","family":"De Palma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine (BioMeTra), Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Milano, via Fratelli Cervi 93, 20054 Segrate, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2025","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)32910-1","article-title":"Muscular Dystrophies","volume":"394","author":"Mercuri","year":"2019","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.2.1.38","article-title":"Muscular Dystrophy (Duchenne) in a Girl with Turner\u2019s Syndrome","volume":"2","author":"Ferrier","year":"1965","journal-title":"J. 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