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Here, we investigated the role of extracellular vesicles (EVs) on the TGF-\u03b2- and PDGF-B-driven processes of peritoneal fibrosis. EVs were isolated from the peritoneal dialysis effluent (PDE) of children receiving continuous ambulatory PD. The impact of PDE-EVs on the epithelial\u2013mesenchymal transition (EMT) and collagen production of the peritoneal mesothelial cells and fibroblasts were investigated in vitro and in vivo in the chlorhexidine digluconate (CG)-induced mice model of peritoneal fibrosis. PDE-EVs showed spherical morphology in the 100 nm size range, and their spectral features, CD63, and annexin positivity were characteristic of EVs. PDE-EVs penetrated into the peritoneal mesothelial cells and fibroblasts and reduced their PDE- or PDGF-B-induced proliferation. Furthermore, PDE-EVs inhibited the PDE- or TGF-\u03b2-induced EMT and collagen production of the investigated cell types. PDE-EVs contributed to the mesothelial layer integrity and decreased the submesothelial thickening of CG-treated mice. We demonstrated that PDE-EVs significantly inhibit the PDGF-B- or TGF-\u03b2-induced fibrotic processes in vitro and in vivo, suggesting that EVs may contribute to new therapeutic strategies to treat peritoneal fibrosis and other fibroproliferative diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells13070605","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,3,31]],"date-time":"2024-03-31T13:44:52Z","timestamp":1711892692000},"page":"605","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Extracellular Vesicles of Patients on Peritoneal Dialysis Inhibit the TGF-\u03b2- and PDGF-B-Mediated Fibrotic Processes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Be\u00e1ta","family":"Szebeni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Center, MTA Center of Excellence, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary"},{"name":"HUN-REN\u2013SU Pediatrics and Nephrology Research Group, 1052 Budapest, 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for Natural Sciences, 1117 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5789-0951","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u00c9va","family":"P\u00e1llinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Genetics, Cell- and Immunobiology, Semmelweis University, 1089 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Istv\u00e1n M.","family":"Tak\u00e1cs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Center, MTA Center of Excellence, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, Hungary"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9685-4868","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Csenge","family":"Pajt\u00f3k","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Center, MTA Center of Excellence, Semmelweis University, 1083 Budapest, 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