{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T13:08:39Z","timestamp":1792069719333,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,9]],"date-time":"2024-05-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715212800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>There are fewer investigations conducted on human primary endometrial epithelial cells (HPEECs) compared to human primary endometrial stromal cells (HPESCs). One of the main reasons is the scarcity of protocols enabling prolonged epithelial cell culture. Even though it is possible to culture HPEECs in 3D over a longer period of time, it is technically demanding. In this study, we successfully established a highly pure, stable, and long-term viable human conditionally reprogrammed endometrial epithelial cell line, designated as eCRC560. These cells stained positive for epithelial markers, estrogen and progesterone receptors, and epithelial cell\u2013cell contacts but negative for stromal and endothelial cell markers. Estradiol (ES) reduced the abundance of ZO-1 in a time- and dose-dependent manner, in contrast to the dose-dependent increase with the progestin dienogest (DNG) when co-cultured with HPESCs. Moreover, ES significantly increased cell viability, cell migration, and invasion of the eCRC560 cells; all these effects were inhibited by pretreatment with DNG. DNG withdrawal led to a significantly disrupted monolayer of eCRC560 cells in co-culture with HPESCs, yet it markedly increased the adhesion of eCRC560 to the human mesothelial MeT-5A cells. The long-term viable eCRC560 cells are suitable for in vitro analysis of HPEECs to study the epithelial compartment of the human endometrium and endometrial pathologies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells13100811","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,10]],"date-time":"2024-05-10T05:25:47Z","timestamp":1715318747000},"page":"811","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Long-Term Maintenance of Viable Human Endometrial Epithelial Cells to Analyze Estrogen and Progestin Effects"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Muhammad Assad","family":"Riaz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Franziska Louisa","family":"Kary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Jensen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Radiooncology and Radiotherapy, Clinic Fulda, 36043 Fulda, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Felix","family":"Zeppernick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0331-8781","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivo","family":"Meinhold-Heerlein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5878-3050","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lutz","family":"Konrad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"525","DOI":"10.1177\/1933719110392055","article-title":"Human endometrium ultrastructure during the implantation window: A new perspective of the human epithelium cell types","volume":"18","author":"Bartosch","year":"2011","journal-title":"Reprod. Sci."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1644","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-020-1040-z","article-title":"Single-cell transcriptomic atlas of the human endometrium during the menstrual cycle","volume":"26","author":"Wang","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Med."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Queckb\u00f6rner, S., von Grothusen, C., Boggavarapu, N.R., Francis, R.M., Davies, L.C., and Gemzell-Danielson, K. (2021). Stromal heterogeneity in the human proliferative endometrium\u2014A single-cell RNA sequencing study. J. Pers. Med., 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/jpm11060448"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1698","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-021-00972-2","article-title":"Mapping the temporal and spatial dynamics of the human endometrium in vivo and in vitro","volume":"53","author":"Handfield","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ma, J., Zhang, L., Zhan, H., Mo, Y., Ren, Z., Shao, A., and Lin, J. (2021). Single-cell transcriptomic analysis of endometriosis provides insights into fibroblast fates and immune cell heterogeneity. Cell Biosci., 11.","DOI":"10.1186\/s13578-021-00637-x"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1306","DOI":"10.1038\/s41556-022-00961-5","article-title":"Single-cell analysis of endometriosis reveals a coordinated transcriptional programme driving immunotolerance and angiogenesis across eutopic and ectopic tissues","volume":"24","author":"Tan","year":"2022","journal-title":"Nat. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e2115912119","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.2115912119","article-title":"Deciphering the endometrial niche of human thin endometrium at single-cell resolution","volume":"119","author":"Lv","year":"2022","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"255","DOI":"10.1038\/s41588-022-01254-1","article-title":"Single-cell transcriptomic analysis of endometriosis","volume":"55","author":"Fonseca","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nat. Genet."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"323","DOI":"10.1002\/path.6178","article-title":"Single-cell profiling identifies distinct hormonal, immunological, and inflammatory signatures of endometriosis-constituting cells","volume":"261","author":"Shin","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113716","DOI":"10.1016\/j.celrep.2024.113716","article-title":"Single-cell analysis reveals insights into epithelial abnormalities in ovarian endometriosis","volume":"43","author":"Yan","year":"2024","journal-title":"Cell Rep."},{"key":"ref_11","first-page":"642","article-title":"Isolation, characterization, and comparison of human endometrial and endometriosis cells in vitro","volume":"78","author":"Ryan","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2014.04.001","article-title":"Isolation and identification of epithelial and stromal stem cells from eutopic endometrium of women with endometriosis","volume":"178","author":"Li","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. J. Obstet. Gynecol. Reprod. Biol."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1262\/jrd.2015-137","article-title":"An improved method for isolation of epithelial and stromal cells from the human endometrium","volume":"62","author":"Masuda","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Reprod. Dev."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"501","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2015.10.011","article-title":"Cryopreservation and recovery of human endometrial epithelial cells with high viability, purity, and functional fidelity","volume":"105","author":"Chen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"He, W., Zhu, X., Xin, A., Zhang, H., Sun, Y., Xu, H., Li, H., Yang, T., Zhou, D., and Yan, H. (2022). Long-term maintenance of human endometrial epithelial stem cells and their therapeutic effects on intrauterine adhesion. Cell Biosci., 12.","DOI":"10.1186\/s13578-022-00905-4"},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"282","DOI":"10.1093\/biolre\/ioaa183","article-title":"In vitro models of the human endometrium: Evolution and application for women\u2019s health","volume":"104","author":"Fitzgerald","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biol. Reprod."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1775","DOI":"10.1242\/dev.148478","article-title":"Development of organoids from mouse and human endometrium showing endometrial epithelium physiology and long-term expandability","volume":"144","author":"Boretto","year":"2017","journal-title":"Development"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"568","DOI":"10.1038\/ncb3516","article-title":"Long-term, hormone-responsive organoid cultures of human endometrium in a chemically defined medium","volume":"19","author":"Turco","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23132","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1915389116","article-title":"Self-renewing endometrial epithelial organoids of the human uterus","volume":"116","author":"Fitzgerald","year":"2019","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"178","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-022-02860-w","article-title":"Treating intrauterine adhesion using conditionally reprogrammed physiological endometrial epithelial cells","volume":"13","author":"Xia","year":"2022","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"hoab034","DOI":"10.1093\/hropen\/hoab034","article-title":"A 3D endometrial organotypic model simulating the acute inflammatory decidualisation initiation phase with epithelial induction of the key endometrial receptivity marker, integrin \u03b1v\u03b23","volume":"2021","author":"Fraser","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod. Open"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-021-02188-x","article-title":"Endometrial regeneration with endometrial epithelium: Homologous orchestration with endometrial stroma as a feeder","volume":"12","author":"Yokomizo","year":"2021","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. Ther."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2619","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI42297","article-title":"Human keratinocytes are efficiently immortalized by a Rho kinase inhibitor","volume":"120","author":"Chapman","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20035","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1213241109","article-title":"Conditionally reprogrammed cells represent a stem-like state of adult epithelial cells","volume":"109","author":"Suprynowicz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"599","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2011.10.036","article-title":"ROCK inhibitor and feeder cells induce the conditional reprogramming of epithelial cells","volume":"180","author":"Liu","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"439","DOI":"10.1038\/nprot.2016.174","article-title":"Conditional reprogramming and long-term expansion of normal and tumor cells from human biospecimens","volume":"12","author":"Liu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nat. Protoc."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1016\/S0092-8674(75)80001-8","article-title":"Serial cultivation of strains of human epidermal keratinocytes: The formation of keratinizing colonies from single cells","volume":"6","author":"Rheinwald","year":"1975","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1363","DOI":"10.1089\/ten.tea.2009.0339","article-title":"Efficient procurement of epithelial stem cells from human tissue specimens using a Rho-associated protein kinase inhibitor Y-27632","volume":"16","author":"Terunuma","year":"2010","journal-title":"Tissue Eng. Part A"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8477","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.02561-10","article-title":"Cutaneous human papillomavirus type 38 E7 regulates actin cytoskeleton structure for increasing cell proliferation through CK2 and the eukaryotic elongation factor 1A","volume":"85","author":"Yue","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Virol."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1862","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajpath.2013.08.009","article-title":"Radiation induces diffusible feeder cell factor(s) that cooperate with ROCK inhibitor to conditionally reprogram and immortalize epithelial cells","volume":"183","author":"Suprynowicz","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am. J. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ochiel, D.O., Ochsenbauer, C., Kappes, J.C., Ghosh, M., Fahey, J.V., and Wira, C.R. (2010). Uterine epithelial cell regulation of DC-SIGN expression inhibits transmitted\/founder HIV-1 trans infection by immature dendritic cells. PLoS ONE, 5.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0014306"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"851","DOI":"10.1210\/er.2014-1045","article-title":"Cyclic decidualization of the human endometrium in reproductive health and failure","volume":"35","author":"Gellersen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Endocr. Rev."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"153","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmab039","article-title":"Novel microarchitecture of human endometrial glands: Implications in endometrial regeneration and pathologies","volume":"28","author":"Tempest","year":"2022","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod. Update"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1175","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1471-0528.2010.02630.x","article-title":"Structural changes in endometrial basal glands during menstruation","volume":"117","author":"Garry","year":"2010","journal-title":"BJOG"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Swangchan-Uthai, T., Lavender, C.R.M., Cheng, Z., Fouladi-Nashta, A.A., and Wathes, D.C. (2012). Time course of defense mechanisms in bovine endometrium in response to lipopolysaccharide. Biol. Reprod., 87.","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.112.102376"},{"key":"ref_36","first-page":"1","article-title":"Isolation and characterization of endometrial luminal epithelial and stromal cells in vitro","volume":"12","author":"Raheem","year":"2014","journal-title":"Sokoto. J. Vet. Sci."},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"239","DOI":"10.1530\/jrf.0.0830239","article-title":"Specific properties of epithelial and stromal cells from the endometrium of cows","volume":"83","author":"Fortier","year":"1988","journal-title":"Reproduction"},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1177\/1933719118756745","article-title":"Similar characteristics of the endometrial and endometriotic epithelium","volume":"26","author":"Konrad","year":"2019","journal-title":"Reprod. Sci."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1282","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-018-38004-5","article-title":"Metformin enhances the radiosensitizing effect of cisplatin in non-small cell lung cancer cell lines with different cisplatin sensitivities","volume":"9","author":"Riaz","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mwaura, A.N., Riaz, M.A., Maoga, J.B., Mecha, E., Omwandho, C.O.A., Scheiner-Bobis, G., Meinhold-Heerlein, I., and Konrad, L. (2022). Role of betaglycan in TGF-\u03b2 signaling and wound healing in human endometriotic epithelial cells and in endometriosis. Biology, 11.","DOI":"10.3390\/biology11040513"},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"375","DOI":"10.1093\/cvr\/cvq065","article-title":"cAMP\/PKA antagonizes thrombin-induced inactivation of endothelial myosin light chain phosphatase: Role of CPI-17","volume":"87","author":"Aslam","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cardiovasc. Res."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kabbesh, H., Riaz, M.A., Jensen, A.D., Scheiner-Bobis, G., and Konrad, L. (2021). Long-term maintenance of viable adult rat Sertoli cells able to establish testis barrier components and function in response to androgens. Cells, 10.","DOI":"10.3390\/cells10092405"},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1272","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deh256","article-title":"Progesterone withdrawal causes endothelin release from cultured human uterine microvascular endothelial cells","volume":"19","author":"Edlund","year":"2004","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1487","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2007.09.047","article-title":"Modeling the early endometriotic lesion: Mesothelium-endometrial cell co-culture increases endometrial invasion and alters mesothelial and endometrial gene transcription","volume":"90","author":"Nair","year":"2008","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"834","DOI":"10.2165\/00003495-199856050-00007","article-title":"Dienogest","volume":"56","author":"Foster","year":"1998","journal-title":"Drugs"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3930","DOI":"10.1091\/mbc.e09-04-0320","article-title":"ZO-1 stabilizes the tight junction solute barrier through coupling to the perijunctional cytoskeleton","volume":"20","author":"Fanning","year":"2009","journal-title":"Mol. Biol. Cell"},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2228","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2011.02.051","article-title":"Estrogen and progesterone isoform distribution through the menstrual cycle in uteri with and without adenomyosis","volume":"95","author":"Mehasseb","year":"2011","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.2004.00218.x","article-title":"Effect of estradiol on mouse uterine epithelial cell transepithelial resistance (TER)","volume":"52","author":"Wira","year":"2004","journal-title":"Am. J. Reprod. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4708","DOI":"10.1210\/endo.139.11.6317","article-title":"Stromal progesterone receptors mediate the inhibitory effects of progesterone on estrogen-induced uterine epithelial cell deoxyribonucleic acid synthesis","volume":"139","author":"Kurita","year":"1998","journal-title":"Endocrinology"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"613","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod55.3.613","article-title":"Characterization of a polarized porcine uterine epithelial model system","volume":"55","author":"Bowen","year":"1996","journal-title":"Biol. Reprod."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1007\/s12672-014-0180-3","article-title":"Membrane-initiated estradiol signaling of epithelial-mesenchymal transition-associated mechanisms through regulation of tight junctions in human breast cancer cells","volume":"5","year":"2014","journal-title":"Horm. Cancer"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"777","DOI":"10.1007\/s00418-012-0929-0","article-title":"Redistribution of adhering junctions in human endometrial epithelial cells during the implantation window of the menstrual cycle","volume":"137","author":"Buck","year":"2012","journal-title":"Histochem. Cell Biol."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"44616","DOI":"10.1038\/srep44616","article-title":"Effects of matrix stiffness on epithelial to mesenchymal transition-like processes of endometrial epithelial cells. Implications for the pathogenesis of endometriosis","volume":"7","author":"Matsuzaki","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1097-4652(199905)179:2<115::AID-JCP1>3.0.CO;2-T","article-title":"Differential behavior of E-cadherin and occludin in their colocalization with ZO-1 during the establishment of epithelial cell polarity","volume":"179","author":"Yonemura","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Cell. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3747","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M411365200","article-title":"The tight junction protein occludin and the adherens junction protein alpha-catenin share a common interaction mechanism with ZO-1","volume":"280","author":"Portwich","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"21","DOI":"10.1111\/nyas.14798","article-title":"Tight junction proteins occludin and ZO-1 as regulators of epithelial proliferation and survival","volume":"1514","author":"Kuo","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"D\u00edaz-Cor\u00e1nguez, M., Liu, X., and Antonetti, D.A. (2019). Tight junctions in cell proliferation. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 20.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms20235972"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"315","DOI":"10.1006\/scdb.2000.0178","article-title":"MAGUK proteins: Structure and role in the tight junction","volume":"11","author":"Betanzos","year":"2000","journal-title":"Semin. Cell Dev. Biol."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1444","DOI":"10.1111\/ejn.13933","article-title":"Proteomic and cellular localization studies suggest non-tight junction cytoplasmic and nuclear roles for occluding in astrocytes","volume":"47","author":"Morgan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eur. J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zeng, H., Safratowich, B.D., Cheng, W.H., Larson, K.J., and Briske-Anderson, M. (2022). Deoxycholin acid modulates cell-junction gene expression and increases intestinal barrier dysfunction. Molecules, 27.","DOI":"10.3390\/molecules27030723"},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1527","DOI":"10.1038\/labinvest.2012.123","article-title":"NHERF1 and CFTR restore tight junction organization and function in cystic fibrosis airway epithelial cells: Role of ezrin and the RhoA\/ROCK pathway","volume":"92","author":"Castellani","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lab. Investig."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"30847","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M111.262857","article-title":"Occludin localizes to centrosomes and modifies mitotic entry","volume":"286","author":"Runkle","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Biol. Chem."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"831","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod64.3.831","article-title":"Stromal-epithelial interactions modulate estrogen responsiveness in normal human endometrium","volume":"64","author":"Pierro","year":"2001","journal-title":"Biol. Reprod."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Qi, S., Yan, L., Liu, Z., Mu, Y.L., Li, M., Zhao, X., Chen, Z.J., and Zhang, H. (2018). Melatonin inhibits 17\u03b2-estradiol-induced migration, invasion and epithelial-mesenchymal transition in normal and endometriotic endometrial epithelial cells. Reprod. Biol. Endocrinol., 23.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12958-018-0375-5"},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(98)00400-2","article-title":"Whole explants of peritoneum and endometrium: A novel model of the early endometriosis lesion","volume":"71","author":"Witz","year":"1999","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"ref_66","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"385","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(00)01699-X","article-title":"Short-term culture of peritoneum explants confirms attachment of endometrium to intact peritoneal mesothelium","volume":"75","author":"Witz","year":"2001","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.fertnstert.2004.10.058","article-title":"A novel in vitro model of the early endometriotic lesion demonstrates that attachment of endometrial cells to mesothelial cells is dependent on the source of endometrial cells","volume":"84","author":"Lucidi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Fertil. Steril."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"146","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbapap.2011.09.003","article-title":"Regulation of matrix metalloproteinases activity studied in human endometrium as a paradigm of cyclic tissue breakdown and regeneration","volume":"1824","author":"Selvais","year":"2012","journal-title":"Biochim. Biophys. Acta"},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2180","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/deh408","article-title":"Inhibiting MMP activity prevents the development of endometriosis in the chicken chorioallantoic membrane model","volume":"19","author":"Nap","year":"2004","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e160815","DOI":"10.1172\/jci.insight.160815","article-title":"Spheroids as a model for endometriotic lesions","volume":"8","author":"Song","year":"2023","journal-title":"JCI Insight"},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4561","DOI":"10.1210\/jc.2018-01227","article-title":"Progesterone receptor status predicts response to progestin therapy in endometriosis","volume":"103","author":"Flores","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_72","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"565","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmaa009","article-title":"Progesterone receptor ligands for the treatment of endometriosis: The mechanisms behind therapeutic success and failure","volume":"26","author":"Reis","year":"2020","journal-title":"Hum. Reprod. Update"}],"container-title":["Cells"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-4409\/13\/10\/811\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T14:43:05Z","timestamp":1760107385000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-4409\/13\/10\/811"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,9]]},"references-count":72,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5]]}},"alternative-id":["cells13100811"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cells13100811","relation":{},"ISSN":["2073-4409"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2073-4409","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,9]]}}}