{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T15:19:27Z","timestamp":1784647167629,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":12,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,3]],"date-time":"2024-06-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1717372800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Children\u2019s Foundation","award":["R2-2019-30"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R2-2019-30"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Primary Epstein\u2013Barr virus (EBV) infection which can manifest as infectious mononucleosis (IM) is commonly acquired during childhood. EBV primarily invades B cells leading to a lytic reaction; the control of the infection is handled by natural killer and T cells in immunocompetent individuals. The infection has a wide spectrum of clinical findings and can lead to serious complications in patients with certain underlying immunological dysfunctions. We retrospectively investigated peripheral white blood cell populations\u2019 surface marker characteristics in IM using a comprehensive flow cytometry marker panel. Twenty-one cases of IM and seventeen EBV-seropositive cases without IM serving as controls were included. We observed novel alterations in lymphocyte, neutrophil, and monocyte populations. In addition to increased activated cytotoxic T cells and low B cells, we demonstrated high T-large granular lymphocyte (T-LGL) populations in IM cases. Furthermore, despite T cells\u2019 increased HLA-DR expression, another activation marker, CD11b, was lower in T-LGL populations. Monocytes showed increased CD16 expression; CD64 was higher in neutrophils. Our findings point to monocyte and neutrophil activation which may account for acute clinical features and may contribute to the understanding of IM immunobiology. Furthermore, they may serve as a useful tool in investigating inherited and post-transplant conditions characterized by deficiencies in controlling EBV infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells13110963","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,3]],"date-time":"2024-06-03T12:29:47Z","timestamp":1717417787000},"page":"963","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Flow Cytometry as the Tool to Define Peripheral Blood Leukocyte Signatures in Acute EBV Infection"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Pragya","family":"Singh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Children\u2019s Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, MI 48201, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manisha","family":"Gadgeel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematology\/Oncology Flow Cytometry Laboratory, Division of Hematology\/Oncology, Children\u2019s Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, MI 48201, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Batool","family":"AlQanber","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematology\/Oncology Flow Cytometry Laboratory, Division of Hematology\/Oncology, Children\u2019s Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, MI 48201, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Central Michigan University College of Medicine, Saginaw, MI 48602, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1659-9209","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmad","family":"Farooqi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Central Michigan University College of Medicine, Saginaw, MI 48602, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7138-3027","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"S\u00fcreyya","family":"Sava\u015fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hematology\/Oncology Flow Cytometry Laboratory, Division of Hematology\/Oncology, Children\u2019s Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, MI 48201, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Central Michigan University College of Medicine, Saginaw, MI 48602, USA"},{"name":"School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48202, USA"},{"name":"Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Center, Division of Hematology\/Oncology, Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplant Program, Children\u2019s Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, MI 48201, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"127","DOI":"10.1128\/microbiolspec.DMIH2-0011-2015","article-title":"Epstein-Barr Virus","volume":"4","author":"Nowalk","year":"2016","journal-title":"Microbiol. 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