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Deregulated oxidative stress (OS), often influenced by inflammatory changes but also by environmental factors, represents a constant threat to this delicate balance. Oxidative stress induces a reciprocally regulated nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2\/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (Nrf2\/PPAR\u03b3) pathway. However, increased PPAR\u03b3 activity appears to be a double-edged sword in endometrial physiology. Activated PPAR\u03b3 attenuates inflammation and attenuates OS to restore redox homeostasis. However, it also interferes with physiological processes during the menstrual cycle, such as hormonal signaling and angiogenesis. This review provides an elucidation of the molecular mechanisms that support the interplay between PPAR\u03b3 and OS. Additionally, it offers fresh perspectives on the Nrf2\/PPAR\u03b3 pathway concerning endometrial receptivity and its potential implications for infertility.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells13131081","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,24]],"date-time":"2024-06-24T03:53:43Z","timestamp":1719201223000},"page":"1081","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["Oxidative Stress and the Nrf2\/PPAR\u03b3 Axis in the Endometrium: Insights into Female Fertility"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4506-5425","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Peter","family":"Artimovi\u010d","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef \u0160af\u00e1rik University in Ko\u0161ice, Trieda SNP 1, 040 11 Ko\u0161ice, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zuzana","family":"Badovsk\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef \u0160af\u00e1rik University in Ko\u0161ice, Trieda SNP 1, 040 11 Ko\u0161ice, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Toporcerov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef \u0160af\u00e1rik University in Ko\u0161ice, Trieda SNP 1, 040 11 Ko\u0161ice, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ivana","family":"\u0160pakov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef \u0160af\u00e1rik University in Ko\u0161ice, Trieda SNP 1, 040 11 Ko\u0161ice, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luk\u00e1\u0161","family":"Smolko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef \u0160af\u00e1rik University in Ko\u0161ice, Trieda SNP 1, 040 11 Ko\u0161ice, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-0363-2403","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriela","family":"Sabolov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef \u0160af\u00e1rik University in Ko\u0161ice, Trieda SNP 1, 040 11 Ko\u0161ice, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8203-7784","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eva","family":"Kriv\u00e1kov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef \u0160af\u00e1rik University in Ko\u0161ice, Trieda SNP 1, 040 11 Ko\u0161ice, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miroslava","family":"Rabajdov\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef \u0160af\u00e1rik University in Ko\u0161ice, Trieda SNP 1, 040 11 Ko\u0161ice, Slovakia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2021.12.015","article-title":"Human Implantation: The Complex Interplay between Endometrial Receptivity, Inflammation, and the Microbiome","volume":"117","author":"Sehring","year":"2022","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"Blanco-Breindel, M.F., Singh, M., and Kahn, J. 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