{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,16]],"date-time":"2026-10-16T15:57:49Z","timestamp":1792166269099,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":123,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,24]],"date-time":"2024-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1719187200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Major Agricultural Biological Breeding Project","award":["2022ZD04014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022ZD04014"]}]},{"name":"Major Agricultural Biological Breeding Project","award":["2021YFD1200902"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFD1200902"]}]},{"name":"Major Agricultural Biological Breeding Project","award":["2020D01A77"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020D01A77"]}]},{"name":"Major Agricultural Biological Breeding Project","award":["XJDX2003-2023-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XJDX2003-2023-01"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key R &amp; D program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022ZD04014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022ZD04014"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key R &amp; D program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021YFD1200902"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFD1200902"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key R &amp; D program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020D01A77"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020D01A77"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key R &amp; D program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["XJDX2003-2023-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XJDX2003-2023-01"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region","award":["2022ZD04014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022ZD04014"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region","award":["2021YFD1200902"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFD1200902"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region","award":["2020D01A77"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020D01A77"]}]},{"name":"Natural Science Foundation of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region","award":["XJDX2003-2023-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XJDX2003-2023-01"]}]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Mental Development and Learning Science of Xinjiang","award":["2022ZD04014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022ZD04014"]}]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Mental Development and Learning Science of Xinjiang","award":["2021YFD1200902"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFD1200902"]}]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Mental Development and Learning Science of Xinjiang","award":["2020D01A77"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020D01A77"]}]},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Mental Development and Learning Science of Xinjiang","award":["XJDX2003-2023-01"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["XJDX2003-2023-01"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Spermatogenesis in mammalian testes is essential for male fertility, ensuring a continuous supply of mature sperm. The testicular microenvironment finely tunes this process, with retinoic acid, an active metabolite of vitamin A, serving a pivotal role. Retinoic acid is critical for various stages, including the differentiation of spermatogonia, meiosis in spermatogenic cells, and the production of mature spermatozoa. Vitamin A deficiency halts spermatogenesis, leading to the degeneration of numerous germ cells, a condition reversible with retinoic acid supplementation. Although retinoic acid can restore fertility in some males with reproductive disorders, it does not work universally. Furthermore, high doses may adversely affect reproduction. The inconsistent outcomes of retinoid treatments in addressing infertility are linked to the incomplete understanding of the molecular mechanisms through which retinoid signaling governs spermatogenesis. In addition to the treatment of male reproductive disorders, the role of retinoic acid in spermatogenesis also provides new ideas for the development of male non-hormone contraceptives. This paper will explore three facets: the synthesis and breakdown of retinoic acid in the testes, its role in spermatogenesis, and its application in male reproduction. Our discussion aims to provide a comprehensive reference for studying the regulatory effects of retinoic acid signaling on spermatogenesis and offer insights into its use in treating male reproductive issues.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells13131092","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,24]],"date-time":"2024-06-24T06:59:58Z","timestamp":1719212398000},"page":"1092","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["The Role of Retinoic Acid in Spermatogenesis and Its Application in Male Reproduction"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Yue","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Biological Sciences, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1187-3037","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shoulong","family":"Deng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Center of Technology Innovation for Animal Model, National Health Commission of China (NHC) Key Laboratory of Comparative Medicine, Institute of Laboratory Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Comparative Medicine Center, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chongyang","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Animal Sciences (IAS), Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), No. 2 Yuanmingyuan Western Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingchao","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Biological Sciences, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aowu","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Biological Sciences, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2059-6342","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mingming","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Biological Sciences, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xuehai","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Mental Development and Learning Science, College of Psychology, Xinjiang Normal University, Urumqi 830017, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0764-6122","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sen","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Biological Sciences, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8418-4916","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhengxing","family":"Lian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beijing Key Laboratory for Animal Genetic Improvement, National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding of the Ministry of Agriculture, College of Biological Sciences, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yu, K., Deng, S.L., Sun, T.C., Li, Y.Y., and Liu, Y.X. 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