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Biology","award":["U01CA218292"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U01CA218292"]}]},{"name":"Data Analytics Core, part of Dartmouth\u2019s Center for Quantitative Biology","award":["R01CA224605"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01CA224605"]}]},{"name":"Data Analytics Core, part of Dartmouth\u2019s Center for Quantitative Biology","award":["SCR-023479"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SCR-023479"]}]},{"name":"Data Analytics Core, part of Dartmouth\u2019s Center for Quantitative Biology","award":["5P30CA023108-37"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["5P30CA023108-37"]}]},{"name":"Data Analytics Core, part of Dartmouth\u2019s Center for Quantitative Biology","award":["1S10OD030242"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1S10OD030242"]}]},{"name":"Data Analytics Core, part of Dartmouth\u2019s Center for Quantitative Biology","award":["NIH P20GM130454"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NIH P20GM130454"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Neoadjuvant intratumoral (IT) therapy could amplify the weak responses to checkpoint blockade therapy observed in breast cancer (BC). In this study, we administered neoadjuvant IT anti-canine PD-1 therapy (IT acPD-1) alone or combined with IT cowpea mosaic virus therapy (IT CPMV\/acPD-1) to companion dogs diagnosed with canine mammary cancer (CMC), a spontaneous tumor resembling human BC. CMC patients treated weekly with acPD-1 (n = 3) or CPMV\/acPD-1 (n = 3) for four weeks or with CPMV\/acPD-1 (n = 3 patients not candidates for surgery) for up to 11 weeks did not experience immune-related adverse events. We found that acPD-1 and CPMV\/acPD-1 injections resulted in tumor control and a reduction in injected tumors in all patients and in noninjected tumors located in the ipsilateral and contralateral mammary chains of treated dogs. In two metastatic CMC patients, CPMV\/acPD-1 treatments resulted in the control and reduction of established lung metastases. CPMV\/acPD-1 treatments were associated with altered gene expression related to TLR1\u20134 signaling and complement pathways. These novel therapies could be effective for CMC patients. Owing to the extensive similarities between CMC and human BC, IT CPMV combined with approved anti-PD-1 therapies could be a novel and effective immunotherapy to treat local BC and suppress metastatic BC.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells13171478","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,3]],"date-time":"2024-09-03T08:38:47Z","timestamp":1725352727000},"page":"1478","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["An Abscopal Effect on Lung Metastases in Canine Mammary Cancer Patients Induced by Neoadjuvant Intratumoral Immunotherapy with Cowpea Mosaic Virus Nanoparticles and Anti-Canine PD-1"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Petra","family":"Sergent","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3018-466X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Juan Carlos","family":"Pinto-C\u00e1rdenas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DIAGSA, Diagnostico de Salud Animal, Naucalpan 53910, Mexico, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adhara Jaciel Arreguin","family":"Carrillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Veterinario Valles, Zapopan 45070, Jalisco, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel Luna","family":"D\u00e1valos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VETCONNECT Diagn\u00f3stico por imagen, Via Toledo, 2952 Mas Palomas, Monterrey 64780, Nuevo Le\u00f3n, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marisa Daniela Gonz\u00e1lez","family":"P\u00e9rez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Veterinario Valles, Zapopan 45070, Jalisco, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dora Alicia Mendoza","family":"Lechuga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Veterinario Valles, Zapopan 45070, Jalisco, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4106-2278","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Alonso-Miguel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, Veterinary Medicine School, Complutense University of Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Evelien","family":"Schaafsma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aquila Data Analytics, LLC., Concord, NH 03766, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abigail Jim\u00e9nez","family":"Cuarenta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Veterinario Valles, Zapopan 45070, Jalisco, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Diana C\u00e1rdenas","family":"Mu\u00f1oz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro Veterinario Valles, Zapopan 45070, Jalisco, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuliana","family":"Zarabanda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Lab for Vets, Zapopan 45086, Jalisco, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Scott M.","family":"Palisoul","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine at Dartmouth Hitchcock Health, Center for Clinical Genomics and Advanced Technology, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Petra J.","family":"Lewis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiology Dartmouth Health Geisel School of Medicine, Lebanon, NH 03755, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6178-9901","authenticated-orcid":false,"suffix":"IV","given":"Fred W.","family":"Kolling","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dartmouth Cancer Center, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jessica Fernanda","family":"Affonso de Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093, USA"},{"name":"Moores Cancer Center, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093, USA"},{"name":"Center for Nano-ImmunoEngineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., La Jolla, CA 92093, USA"},{"name":"Shu and K.C. 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