{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T03:16:23Z","timestamp":1788318983540,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,26]],"date-time":"2024-09-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727308800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"EU Regional Development Fund Sustainable Competitiveness Program for NI and the NI Public Health Agency","award":["COM\/5618\/20"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["COM\/5618\/20"]}]},{"name":"PHA\/HSC R&amp;D Division","award":["COM\/5618\/20"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["COM\/5618\/20"]}]},{"name":"Western Health &amp; Social Care Trust","award":["COM\/5618\/20"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["COM\/5618\/20"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Introduction: Cellular senescence is the irreversible growth arrest subsequent to oncogenic mutations, DNA damage, or metabolic insult. Senescence is associated with ageing and chronic age associated diseases such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes. The involvement of cellular senescence in acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) is not fully understood. However, recent studies suggest that such patients have a higher-than-normal level of cellular senescence and accelerated ageing. Methods: This study aimed to discover key biomarkers of senescence in AKI and CKD patients compared to other chronic ageing diseases in controls using OLINK proteomics. Results: We show that senescence proteins CKAP4 (p-value &lt; 0.0001) and PTX3 (p-value &lt; 0.0001) are upregulated in AKI and CKD patients compared with controls with chronic diseases, suggesting the proteins may play a role in overall kidney disease development. Conclusions: CKAP4 was found to be differentially expressed in both AKI and CKD when compared to UHCs; hence, this biomarker could be a prognostic senescence biomarker of both AKI and CKD.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells13191613","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,26]],"date-time":"2024-09-26T06:55:52Z","timestamp":1727333752000},"page":"1613","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Senescence Biomarkers CKAP4 and PTX3 Stratify Severe Kidney Disease Patients"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Sean","family":"McCallion","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Personalised Medicine Centre, School of Medicine, Ulster University, Londonderry BT48 7JL, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3175-9779","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"McLarnon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Personalised Medicine Centre, School of Medicine, Ulster University, Londonderry BT48 7JL, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0432-016X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eamonn","family":"Cooper","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Personalised Medicine Centre, School of Medicine, Ulster University, Londonderry BT48 7JL, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1232-5585","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew R.","family":"English","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Personalised Medicine Centre, School of Medicine, Ulster University, Londonderry BT48 7JL, UK"},{"name":"School of Health and Life Sciences, Teesside University, Campus Heart, Middlesbrough TS1 3BX, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2750-6410","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Steven","family":"Watterson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Personalised Medicine Centre, School of Medicine, Ulster University, Londonderry BT48 7JL, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6211-7595","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melody El","family":"Chemaly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Personalised Medicine Centre, School of Medicine, Ulster University, Londonderry BT48 7JL, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cathy","family":"McGeough","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Personalised Medicine Centre, School of Medicine, Ulster University, Londonderry BT48 7JL, 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BT9 7AB, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gary","family":"Wright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Belfast Health and Social Care Trust (BHSCT), Belfast City Hospital, Belfast BT9 7AB, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Declan","family":"McGuigan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Personalised Medicine Centre, School of Medicine, Ulster University, Londonderry BT48 7JL, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maurice","family":"O\u2019Kane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Western Health and Social Care Trust (WHSCT), Altnagelvin Area Hospital, Londonderry BT47 6SB, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9556-7509","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aaron","family":"Peace","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Western Health and Social Care Trust (WHSCT), Altnagelvin Area Hospital, Londonderry BT47 6SB, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ying","family":"Kuan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Western Health and Social Care Trust (WHSCT), Altnagelvin Area Hospital, Londonderry BT47 6SB, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3547-5551","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David S.","family":"Gibson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Personalised Medicine Centre, School of Medicine, Ulster University, Londonderry BT48 7JL, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3906-1172","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paula L.","family":"McClean","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Personalised Medicine Centre, School of Medicine, Ulster University, Londonderry BT48 7JL, 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