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ISPG","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["N50-2019"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["N50-2019"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000268","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000268","name":"BBSRC ISPG","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["BBS\/E\/D\/10002071"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BBS\/E\/D\/10002071"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000268","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A state-of-the-art multi-omics approach was applied to improve our understanding of the aetio-pathogenesis of a highly prevalent, performance-limiting disorder of racehorses: mild-to-moderate equine asthma (MMEA). This is a prerequisite to improving prophylactic, management, and therapeutic options for this condition. Although a number of risk factors have been identified, options for intervention are limited. This study applied a multi-omic approach to reveal key inflammatory pathways involved in inflammatory cell recruitment to the lower airways and highlight distinct MMEA inflammatory profiles. We compared bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) cell gene and protein expression data from horses with non-inflammatory BALF cytology with those isolated from horses with neutrophilic, mastocytic, mixed neutrophilic\/mastocytic, and eosinophilic\/mastocytic inflammation. The analyses on transcriptomic\/proteomic data derived from BALF from horses with neutrophilic cytology showed enrichment in classical inflammatory pathways, and horses with mastocytic inflammation showed enrichment in pathways involved in hypersensitivity reactions related to nonclassical inflammation potentially mimicking a Th2-immune response. The mixed eosinophilic\/mastocytic group also presented with a nonclassical inflammatory profile, whereas the mixed neutrophilic\/mastocytic group revealed profiles consistent with both neutrophilic inflammation and hypersensitivity. Our adopted multi-omics approach provided a holistic assessment of the immunological status of the lower airways associated with the different cytological profiles of equine asthma.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells13221926","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,21]],"date-time":"2024-11-21T04:46:11Z","timestamp":1732164371000},"page":"1926","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Distinct Molecular Profiles Underpin Mild-To-Moderate Equine Asthma Cytological Profiles"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7684-2587","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna E.","family":"Karagianni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, VSM Building, University of Surrey, Daphne Jackson Road, Guildford, Surrey GU2 7AL, UK"},{"name":"The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian EH25 9PS, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5890-8658","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eric A.","family":"Richard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LAB\u00c9O, 14280 Saint-Contest, France"},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Caen Normandie, BIOTARGEN UR7450, Normandie Univ, 14000 Caen, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie-Pierre","family":"Toquet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LAB\u00c9O, 14280 Saint-Contest, France"},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Caen Normandie, BIOTARGEN UR7450, Normandie Univ, 14000 Caen, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6930-3606","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Erika S.","family":"Hue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LAB\u00c9O, 14280 Saint-Contest, France"},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 de Caen Normandie, BIOTARGEN UR7450, Normandie Univ, 14000 Caen, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Courouce-Malblanc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre International de Sant\u00e9 du Cheval d\u2019Oniris (CISCO), Route de Gachet, 44307 Nantes, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6977-6101","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bruce","family":"McGorum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian EH25 9PS, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5924-665X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dominic","family":"Kurian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian EH25 9PS, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Judit","family":"Aguilar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian EH25 9PS, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4591-8267","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Stella","family":"Mazeri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian EH25 9PS, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas M.","family":"Wishart","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian EH25 9PS, UK"},{"name":"Centre for Systems Health and Integrated Metabolic Research, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham NG1 4GG, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4299-4077","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robert Scott","family":"Pirie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Roslin Institute and Royal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush, Midlothian EH25 9PS, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.2746\/0425164054530579","article-title":"Inflammatory airway disease, nasal discharge and respiratory infections in young British racehorses","volume":"37","author":"Wood","year":"2005","journal-title":"Equine Vet. 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