{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,23]],"date-time":"2026-06-23T14:56:43Z","timestamp":1782226603220,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":121,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"23","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,21]],"date-time":"2024-11-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1732147200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012190","name":"Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["075-15-2021-1063"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["075-15-2021-1063"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012190","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012190","name":"Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["0088-2024-0014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["0088-2024-0014"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012190","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology of the Russian Academy of Sciences","award":["075-15-2021-1063"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["075-15-2021-1063"]}]},{"name":"Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology of the Russian Academy of Sciences","award":["0088-2024-0014"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["0088-2024-0014"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The main purpose of regenerative medicine for degenerative eye diseases is to create cells to replace lost or damaged ones. Due to their anatomical, genetic, and epigenetic features, characteristics of origin, evolutionary inheritance, capacity for dedifferentiation, proliferation, and plasticity, mammalian and human RPE cells are of great interest as endogenous sources of new photoreceptors and other neurons for the degrading retina. Promising methods for the reprogramming of RPE cells into retinal cells include genetic methods and chemical methods under the influence of certain low-molecular-weight compounds, so-called small molecules. Depending on the goal, which can be the preservation or the replacement of lost RPE cells and cellular structures, various small molecules are used to influence certain biological processes at different levels of cellular regulation. This review discusses the potential of the chemical reprogramming of RPE cells in comparison with other somatic cells and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) into neural cells of the brain and retina. Possible mechanisms of the chemically induced reprogramming of somatic cells under the influence of small molecules are explored and compared. This review also considers other possibilities in using them in the treatment of retinal degenerative diseases based on the protection, preservation, and support of survived RPE and retinal cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells13231931","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,21]],"date-time":"2024-11-21T12:25:42Z","timestamp":1732191942000},"page":"1931","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Using Small Molecules to Reprogram RPE Cells in Regenerative Medicine for Degenerative Eye Disease"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4082-7662","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lyubov A.","family":"Rzhanova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 26 Vavilov Street, 119334 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2757-9991","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elena V.","family":"Alpeeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 26 Vavilov Street, 119334 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria A.","family":"Aleksandrova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 26 Vavilov Street, 119334 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"26","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2012.06.018","article-title":"Mechanisms of Age-Related Macular Degeneration","volume":"75","author":"Ambati","year":"2012","journal-title":"Neuron"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"70","DOI":"10.1186\/s13287-021-02134-x","article-title":"Transplantation of Retinal Pigment Epithelium and Photoreceptors Generated Concomitantly via Small Molecule-Mediated Differentiation Rescues Visual Function in Rodent Models of Retinal Degeneration","volume":"12","author":"Surendran","year":"2021","journal-title":"Stem Cell Res. 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