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However, their effectiveness is hindered by the foreign body reaction, a natural immune response causing inflammation and fibrosis around the implanted device. This process involves protein adsorption, immune cell recruitment, cytokine release, and fibroblast activation, leading to a fibrous capsule formation and a decrease in electrode functionality. Anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic strategies have the potential to diminish the impact of the foreign body response. In this work, we have evaluated long-term metformin administration and short-term dexamethasone administration as a combined therapy to modulate the foreign body reaction induced by a polyimide intraneural implant in the sciatic nerve of rats. After a 12-week implant, the foreign body reaction was significantly reduced only in the group administered both drugs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells13242112","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,20]],"date-time":"2024-12-20T04:07:40Z","timestamp":1734667660000},"page":"2112","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["A Combinatory Therapy of Metformin and Dexamethasone Reduces the Foreign Body Reaction to Intraneural Electrodes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"Bruno","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-Meana","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neurosciences, Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaume","family":"del Valle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Secci\u00f3 de Fisiologia, Departament de Bioqu\u00edmica i Fisiologia, Universitat de Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9849-902X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xavier","family":"Navarro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Neurosciences, Department of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, 08193 Bellaterra, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red en Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED), 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"del Valle, J., and Navarro, X. 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