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Besides inducing neurodegeneration, TBI alters stem cell activity and neurogenesis within primary neurogenic niches. However, the fate of dividing cells in other brain regions remains unclear despite offering potential targets for therapeutic intervention. Here, we investigated cell division and differentiation in non-neurogenic brain regions during the acute and delayed phases of TBI-induced neurodegeneration. We subjected mice to lateral fluid percussion injury (LFPI) to model TBI and analyzed them 1 or 7 weeks later. To assess cellular proliferation and differentiation, we administered 5-ethinyl-2\u2032-deoxyuridine (EdU) and determined the number and identity of dividing cells 2 h later using markers of neuronal precursors and astro-, micro-, and oligodendroglia. Our results demonstrated a significant proliferative response in several brain regions at one week post-injury that notably diminished by seven weeks, except in the optic tract. In addition to active astro- and microgliosis, we detected oligodendrogenesis in the striatum and optic tract. Furthermore, we observed trauma-induced neurogenesis in the striatum. These findings suggest that subcortical structures, particularly the striatum and optic tract, may possess a potential for self-repair through neuronal regeneration and axon remyelination.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells14020092","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,10]],"date-time":"2025-01-10T06:25:54Z","timestamp":1736490354000},"page":"92","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Traumatic Brain Injury Promotes Neurogenesis and Oligodendrogenesis in Subcortical Brain Regions of Mice"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7957-1951","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olga","family":"Astakhova","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Science, Moscow 117485, Russia"},{"name":"Department of Human and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119234, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2454-1288","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anna","family":"Ivanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Advanced Brain Studies, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4918-6411","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ilia","family":"Komoltsev","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Science, Moscow 117485, Russia"},{"name":"Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry, Moscow 115419, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5380-7954","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Natalia","family":"Gulyaeva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Science, Moscow 117485, Russia"},{"name":"Moscow Research and Clinical Center for Neuropsychiatry, Moscow 115419, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grigori","family":"Enikolopov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Developmental Genetics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA"},{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7598-4399","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexander","family":"Lazutkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Higher Nervous Activity and Neurophysiology, Russian Academy of Science, Moscow 117485, Russia"},{"name":"Center for Developmental Genetics, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA"},{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,1,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"987","DOI":"10.1016\/S1474-4422(17)30371-X","article-title":"Traumatic Brain Injury: Integrated Approaches to Improve Prevention, Clinical Care, and Research","volume":"16","author":"Maas","year":"2017","journal-title":"Lancet Neurol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16084","DOI":"10.1038\/nrdp.2016.84","article-title":"Traumatic Brain Injuries","volume":"2","author":"Blennow","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. 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