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They could act as important regulatory factors in the host\u2019s anti-tuberculosis immune process, but only a few have been identified, and their molecular mechanisms remain largely unclear. Here, we identified a novel circRNA, circ-ZNF277, which responds to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection in THP-1 cells. Circ-ZNF277 binds microRNA-378d (miR-378d) in vivo. The expression level of circ-ZNF277 affects the clearance of the intracellular Mtb in THP-1 cells. Mechanistically, more circ-ZNF277 molecules could absorb more miR-378d, thereby competitively activating the NF-\u03baB signaling pathway, promoting the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines including interleukins IL-1\u03b2 and IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 (TNF-\u03b1), and inhibiting the survival of intracellular Mtb. Expressing miR-378d or si-Rab10 targeting the transcription of Rab10 could antagonize the effects of overexpression of circ-ZNF277, resulting in the reduced intracellular survival of Mtb. In summary, circ-ZNF277 inhibits the intracellular survival of Mtb via the miR-378d\/Rab10 axis. This finding represents a novel mechanism of circular RNA in regulating host immune responses during Mtb infection.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells14040262","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,12]],"date-time":"2025-02-12T06:06:06Z","timestamp":1739340366000},"page":"262","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Circular RNA ZNF277 Sponges miR-378d to Inhibit the Intracellular Survival of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by Upregulating Rab10"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Yifan","family":"Zhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China"},{"name":"National Professional Laboratory for Animal Tuberculosis (Wuhan), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, International Research Center for Animal Disease, Ministry of Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8566-6068","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lei","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China"},{"name":"National Professional Laboratory for Animal Tuberculosis (Wuhan), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, International Research Center for Animal Disease, Ministry of Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zijian","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong 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Animal Tuberculosis (Wuhan), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, International Research Center for Animal Disease, Ministry of Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Han","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China"},{"name":"National Professional Laboratory for Animal Tuberculosis (Wuhan), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, International Research Center for Animal Disease, Ministry of Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Delai","family":"Kong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China"},{"name":"National Professional Laboratory for Animal Tuberculosis (Wuhan), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, International Research Center for Animal Disease, Ministry of Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yongchong","family":"Peng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology, Hubei Hongshan Laboratory, College of Veterinary Medicine, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China"},{"name":"National Professional Laboratory for Animal Tuberculosis (Wuhan), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, International Research Center for Animal Disease, Ministry of Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, 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