{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T15:47:25Z","timestamp":1776872845655,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":154,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,28]],"date-time":"2025-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1740700800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The thrombotic physiopathology of antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is complex, heterogeneous, and dynamic. While venous thromboembolism (VTE) is the most common initial presentation, arterial thrombotic events (ATE) become more frequent in advanced stages and are associated with high morbidity and mortality. Despite the use of oral anticoagulants (OACs), thrombotic APS remains associated with a high risk of recurrent thrombosis. Given their potential antithrombotic effects capable of reducing the risk of both VTE and ATE, statins have been proposed as an adjunctive therapy to OACs for patients with APS and recurrent thrombosis. However, this recommendation is primarily based on studies not specifically conducted in APS populations, with only preclinical data or evidence from retrospective observational studies available from APS patients cohorts. For these reasons, this narrative review aims to synthesise the studies evaluating the potential antithrombotic effects of statins in patients with APS, highlighting the progress made and identifying areas for future research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells14050353","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,28]],"date-time":"2025-02-28T04:28:18Z","timestamp":1740716898000},"page":"353","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Statins as an Adjunctive Antithrombotic Agent in Thrombotic Antiphospholipid Syndrome: Mechanisms and Clinical Implications"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2895-6234","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tommaso","family":"Bucci","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool and Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Internal, Anaesthesiologic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9467-5903","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Danilo","family":"Menichelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Internal, Anaesthesiologic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Department of General and Specialized Surgery \u201cParide Stefanini\u201d, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ilaria Maria","family":"Palumbo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Internal, Anaesthesiologic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Department of General and Specialized Surgery \u201cParide Stefanini\u201d, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6357-5213","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniele","family":"Pastori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool and Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Internal, Anaesthesiologic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"IRCCS Neuromed, Localit\u00e0 Camerelle, 86077, Pozzilli, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul R. J.","family":"Ames","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immune Response and Vascular Disease, iNOVA, 4Health, Nova Medical School, Nova University Lisbon, 1099-085 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"Department of Haematology, Dumfries Royal Infirmary, Cargenbridge, Dumfries DG2 8RX, UK"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7566-1626","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gregory Y. H.","family":"Lip","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and Liverpool and Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, L7 8TX, UK"},{"name":"Danish Centre for Health Services Research, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aalborg University, 9220 Aalborg, Denmark"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Lipidology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2265-7455","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pasquale","family":"Pignatelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Internal, Anaesthesiologic and Cardiovascular Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,2,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"917","DOI":"10.1016\/j.autrev.2014.05.001","article-title":"14th International Congress on Antiphospholipid Antibodies Task Force. 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