{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T21:20:04Z","timestamp":1791840004281,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"15","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]],"date-time":"2025-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1754352000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Institutes of Health (NIH)","award":["NS112404"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NS112404"]}]},{"name":"National Institutes of Health (NIH)","award":["NS126583-01A1"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NS126583-01A1"]}]},{"name":"National Institutes of Health (NIH)","award":["RF1NS135617"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["RF1NS135617"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Neuroinflammation is the major contributor to the pathology of neonatal hypoxic\u2013ischemic (HI) brain injury. Our previous studies have demonstrated that microRNA210 (miR210) inhibition with antisense locked nucleic acid (LNA) inhibitor mitigates neuroinflammation and provides neuroprotection after neonatal HI insult. However, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. In the present study, using miR210 knockout (KO) mice and microglial cultures, we tested the hypothesis that miR210 promotes microglial activation and neuroinflammation through suppressing mitochondrial function in microglia after HI. Neonatal HI brain injury was conducted on postnatal day 9 (P9) wild-type (WT) and miR210 knockout (KO) mouse pups. We found that miR210 KO significantly reduced brain infarct size at 48 h and improved long-term locomotor functions assessed by an open field test three weeks after HI. Moreover, miR210 KO mice exhibited reduced IL1\u03b2 levels, microglia activation and immune cell infiltration after HI. In addition, in vitro studies of microglia exposed to oxygen\u2013glucose deprivation (OGD) revealed that miR210 inhibition with LNA reduced OGD-induced expression of Il1b and rescued OGD-mediated downregulation of mitochondrial iron\u2013sulfur cluster assembly enzyme (ISCU) and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation activity. To validate the link between miR210 and microglia activation, isolated primary murine microglia were transfected with miR210 mimic or negative control. The results showed that miR210 mimic downregulated the expression of mitochondrial ISCU protein abundance and induced the expression of proinflammatory cytokines similar to the effect observed with ISCU silencing RNA. In summary, our results suggest that miR210 is a key regulator of microglial proinflammatory activation through reprogramming mitochondrial function in neonatal HI brain injury.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells14151202","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]],"date-time":"2025-08-05T10:50:21Z","timestamp":1754391021000},"page":"1202","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["MicroRNA210 Suppresses Mitochondrial Metabolism and Promotes Microglial Activation in Neonatal Hypoxic\u2013Ischemic Brain Injury"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0714-3720","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shirley","family":"Hu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Lawrence D. Longo Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanelly","family":"Lopez-Robles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Lawrence D. Longo Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Guofang","family":"Shen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Lawrence D. Longo Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA"},{"name":"Department of Hematologic Malignancies Translational Science, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Duarte, CA 91010, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elena","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Lawrence D. Longo Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9386-8938","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lubo","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Lawrence D. Longo Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qingyi","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Lawrence D. Longo Center for Perinatal Biology, Department of Basic Sciences, School of Medicine, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, CA 92350, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"56","DOI":"10.1002\/1098-2779(200102)7:1<56::AID-MRDD1008>3.0.CO;2-A","article-title":"Perinatal brain injury: From pathogenesis to neuroprotection","volume":"7","author":"Volpe","year":"2001","journal-title":"Ment. Retard. Dev. Disabil. Res. Rev."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"835","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clp.2009.07.011","article-title":"Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy in the term infant","volume":"36","author":"Fatemi","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin. Perinatol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2000-9293","article-title":"Hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy","volume":"17","author":"Vannucci","year":"2000","journal-title":"Am. J. Perinatol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1038\/pr.2013.206","article-title":"Intrapartum-related neonatal encephalopathy incidence and impairment at regional and global levels for 2010 with trends from 1990","volume":"74","author":"Lee","year":"2013","journal-title":"Pediatr. Res."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"587","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ajog.2008.06.094","article-title":"A systematic review of the role of intrapartum hypoxia-ischemia in the causation of neonatal encephalopathy","volume":"199","author":"Graham","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. J. Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"192","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2015.13","article-title":"The role of inflammation in perinatal brain injury","volume":"11","author":"Hagberg","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pneurobio.2017.10.006","article-title":"Brain-immune interactions in perinatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury","volume":"159","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"Prog. Neurobiol."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1997.03550030047032","article-title":"Maternal infection and cerebral palsy in infants of normal birth weight","volume":"278","author":"Grether","year":"1997","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"245","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-3806(94)00177-2","article-title":"Microglia activation after neonatal hypoxic-ischemia","volume":"84","author":"McRae","year":"1995","journal-title":"Brain Res. Dev. Brain Res."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109346","DOI":"10.1016\/j.isci.2024.109346","article-title":"Inflammatory, metabolic, and sex-dependent gene-regulatory dynamics of microglia and macrophages in neonatal hippocampus after hypoxia-ischemia","volume":"27","author":"Ambikan","year":"2024","journal-title":"iScience"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1139\/Y05-143","article-title":"Microglia in cerebral ischemia: Molecular actions and interactions","volume":"84","author":"Lai","year":"2006","journal-title":"Can. J. Physiol. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"142","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-019-1516-2","article-title":"Neuroinflammation: Friend and foe for ischemic stroke","volume":"16","author":"Jayaraj","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"473","DOI":"10.1038\/s41582-019-0221-1","article-title":"Thrombo-inflammation in acute ischaemic stroke\u2014Implications for treatment","volume":"15","author":"Stoll","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1365","DOI":"10.2174\/1570159X16666180222155833","article-title":"The Role of Inflammatory Response in Stroke Associated Programmed Cell Death","volume":"16","author":"Duris","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr. Neuropharmacol."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"99","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.pathmechdis.3.121806.151456","article-title":"The inflammatory response to cell death","volume":"3","author":"Rock","year":"2008","journal-title":"Annu. Rev. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1053\/siny.1999.0112","article-title":"Mechanisms of perinatal brain injury","volume":"5","author":"Inder","year":"2000","journal-title":"Semin. Neonatol."},{"key":"ref_17","first-page":"124","article-title":"Microglial cell dysregulation in brain aging and neurodegeneration","volume":"7","author":"Eugenin","year":"2015","journal-title":"Front. Aging Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1038\/aps.2016.162","article-title":"Regulation of microglial activation in stroke","volume":"38","author":"Zhao","year":"2017","journal-title":"Acta Pharmacol. Sin."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"20","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2014.181","article-title":"Regional distribution of selective neuronal loss and microglial activation across the MCA territory after transient focal ischemia: Quantitative versus semiquantitative systematic immunohistochemical assessment","volume":"35","author":"Emmrich","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Cereb. Blood Flow. Metab."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105290","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2021.105290","article-title":"Microglia reprogram metabolic profiles for phenotype and function changes in central nervous system","volume":"152","author":"Yang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurobiol. Dis."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102846","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2023.102846","article-title":"Metabolic reprogramming in inflammatory microglia indicates a potential way of targeting inflammation in Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"66","author":"Sangineto","year":"2023","journal-title":"Redox Biol."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-021-02187-y","article-title":"Early glycolytic reprogramming controls microglial inflammatory activation","volume":"18","author":"Cheng","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1199751","DOI":"10.3389\/fimmu.2023.1199751","article-title":"Glycolytic reprogramming in macrophages and MSCs during inflammation","volume":"14","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"857","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.122.041651","article-title":"MicroRNA-210 Downregulates TET2 (Ten-Eleven Translocation Methylcytosine Dioxygenase 2) and Contributes to Neuroinflammation in Ischemic Stroke of Adult Mice","volume":"54","author":"Li","year":"2023","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5608","DOI":"10.1007\/s12035-019-1491-8","article-title":"MicroRNA-210 Downregulates ISCU and Induces Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Neuronal Death in Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury","volume":"56","author":"Ma","year":"2019","journal-title":"Mol. Neurobiol."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2009.08.015","article-title":"MicroRNA-210 controls mitochondrial metabolism during hypoxia by repressing the iron-sulfur cluster assembly proteins ISCU1\/2","volume":"10","author":"Chan","year":"2009","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"eabf0466","DOI":"10.1126\/sciadv.abf0466","article-title":"Macrophage miR-210 induction and metabolic reprogramming in response to pathogen interaction boost life-threatening inflammation","volume":"7","author":"Virga","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sci. Adv."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1016\/j.placenta.2016.09.007","article-title":"Intact feto-placental growth in microRNA-210 deficient mice","volume":"47","author":"Krawczynski","year":"2016","journal-title":"Placenta"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"818","DOI":"10.1038\/jcbfm.2014.255","article-title":"Brain barrier properties and cerebral blood flow in neonatal mice exposed to cerebral hypoxia-ischemia","volume":"35","author":"Ek","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Cereb. Blood Flow. Metab."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2018.02.016","article-title":"C-type natriuretic peptide functions as an innate neuroprotectant in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in mouse via natriuretic peptide receptor 2","volume":"304","author":"Ma","year":"2018","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"131","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410090206","article-title":"The influence of immaturity on hypoxic-ischemic brain damage in the rat","volume":"9","author":"Rice","year":"1981","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.3345\/kjp.2019.00850","article-title":"Hypoxia-inducible factor: Role in cell survival in superoxide dismutase overexpressing mice after neonatal hypoxia-ischemia","volume":"62","author":"Jeon","year":"2019","journal-title":"Korean J. Pediatr."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.expneurol.2015.10.007","article-title":"Fetal stress-mediated hypomethylation increases the brain susceptibility to hypoxic-ischemic injury in neonatal rats","volume":"275","author":"Li","year":"2016","journal-title":"Exp. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0147733","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0147733","article-title":"A Comprehensive Behavioral Test Battery to Assess Learning and Memory in 129S6\/Tg2576 Mice","volume":"11","author":"Wolf","year":"2016","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e1989","DOI":"10.21769\/BioProtoc.1989","article-title":"Protocol for Primary Microglial Culture Preparation","volume":"6","author":"Lian","year":"2016","journal-title":"Bio Protoc."},{"key":"ref_36","first-page":"e3814","article-title":"Primary microglia isolation from mixed glial cell cultures of neonatal rat brain tissue","volume":"66","author":"Tamashiro","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Vis. Exp."},{"key":"ref_37","first-page":"e53424","article-title":"Metabolic Characterization of Polarized M1 and M2 Bone Marrow-derived Macrophages Using Real-time Extracellular Flux Analysis","volume":"105","author":"Baardman","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Vis. Exp."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e140966","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI140966","article-title":"Endothelial C3a receptor mediates vascular inflammation and blood-brain barrier permeability during aging","volume":"131","author":"Propson","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4362","DOI":"10.1038\/onc.2010.193","article-title":"Hypoxia-regulated microRNA-210 modulates mitochondrial function and decreases ISCU and COX10 expression","volume":"29","author":"Chen","year":"2010","journal-title":"Oncogene"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3072","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.1777-16.2017","article-title":"Distinct Effects of miR-210 Reduction on Neurogenesis: Increased Neuronal Survival of Inflammation But Reduced Proliferation Associated with Mitochondrial Enhancement","volume":"37","author":"Voloboueva","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"465","DOI":"10.1038\/cdd.2010.119","article-title":"miR-210 is overexpressed in late stages of lung cancer and mediates mitochondrial alterations associated with modulation of HIF-1 activity","volume":"18","author":"Puissegur","year":"2011","journal-title":"Cell Death Differ."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1016\/j.redox.2017.02.012","article-title":"Mitochondrial composition and function under the control of hypoxia","volume":"12","author":"Fuhrmann","year":"2017","journal-title":"Redox Biol."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"13","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmet.2006.05.011","article-title":"Oxidative metabolism and PGC-1beta attenuate macrophage-mediated inflammation","volume":"4","author":"Vats","year":"2006","journal-title":"Cell Metab."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"238","DOI":"10.1038\/nature11986","article-title":"Succinate is an inflammatory signal that induces IL-1beta through HIF-1alpha","volume":"496","author":"Tannahill","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.10242","article-title":"Minocycline markedly protects the neonatal brain against hypoxic-ischemic injury","volume":"52","author":"Arvin","year":"2002","journal-title":"Ann. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"237","DOI":"10.3389\/fncel.2019.00237","article-title":"Early Pro-inflammatory Microglia Activation After Inflammation-Sensitized Hypoxic-Ischemic Brain Injury in Neonatal Rats","volume":"13","author":"Serdar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Front. Cell Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"12041","DOI":"10.1523\/JNEUROSCI.0673-13.2013","article-title":"Toll-like receptor-3 activation increases the vulnerability of the neonatal brain to hypoxia-ischemia","volume":"33","author":"Stridh","year":"2013","journal-title":"J. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1186\/s12974-020-02068-w","article-title":"MicroRNA-210 downregulates TET2 and contributes to inflammatory response in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury","volume":"18","author":"Ma","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Neuroinflammation"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1635","DOI":"10.1038\/s41593-019-0486-0","article-title":"Fragmented mitochondria released from microglia trigger A1 astrocytic response and propagate inflammatory neurodegeneration","volume":"22","author":"Joshi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Nat. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"553","DOI":"10.1038\/nri.2016.70","article-title":"A guide to immunometabolism for immunologists","volume":"16","author":"Kishton","year":"2016","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4742","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2009-10-249540","article-title":"Toll-like receptor-induced changes in glycolytic metabolism regulate dendritic cell activation","volume":"115","author":"Krawczyk","year":"2010","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2016.08.064","article-title":"Succinate Dehydrogenase Supports Metabolic Repurposing of Mitochondria to Drive Inflammatory Macrophages","volume":"167","author":"Mills","year":"2016","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3277","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI124012","article-title":"Enhanced glycolytic metabolism supports transmigration of brain-infiltrating macrophages in multiple sclerosis","volume":"129","author":"Kaushik","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"297","DOI":"10.1097\/00004647-199803000-00008","article-title":"Mitochondrial function and energy metabolism after hypoxia-ischemia in the immature rat brain: Involvement of NMDA-receptors","volume":"18","author":"Gilland","year":"1998","journal-title":"J. Cereb. Blood Flow. Metab."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2777","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.114.005341","article-title":"Altered astrocyte-neuronal interactions after hypoxia-ischemia in the neonatal brain in female and male rats","volume":"45","author":"Morken","year":"2014","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1217","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cell.2015.08.012","article-title":"Phosphoenolpyruvate Is a Metabolic Checkpoint of Anti-tumor T Cell Responses","volume":"162","author":"Ho","year":"2015","journal-title":"Cell"},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"9","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCRESAHA.120.318805","article-title":"Immunometabolic Endothelial Phenotypes: Integrating Inflammation and Glucose Metabolism","volume":"129","author":"Xiao","year":"2021","journal-title":"Circ. Res."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"284","DOI":"10.1002\/jnr.24419","article-title":"Microglial phagocytosis in aging and Alzheimer\u2019s disease","volume":"98","author":"Keane","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Neurosci. Res."},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"108","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2017.02.010","article-title":"Inhibition of AGEs\/RAGE\/Rho\/ROCK pathway suppresses non-specific neuroinflammation by regulating BV2 microglial M1\/M2 polarization through the NF-kappaB pathway","volume":"305","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Neuroimmunol."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"175966","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejphar.2023.175966","article-title":"The key roles of reactive oxygen species in microglial inflammatory activation: Regulation by endogenous antioxidant system and exogenous sulfur-containing compounds","volume":"956","author":"Fan","year":"2023","journal-title":"Eur. J. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e588","DOI":"10.1038\/cddis.2013.117","article-title":"Reactive oxygen species-responsive miR-210 regulates proliferation and migration of adipose-derived stem cells via PTPN2","volume":"4","author":"Kim","year":"2013","journal-title":"Cell Death Dis."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1140","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.121.056929","article-title":"MicroRNA-210 Controls Mitochondrial Metabolism and Protects Heart Function in Myocardial Infarction","volume":"145","author":"Song","year":"2022","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"435","DOI":"10.1016\/j.omtn.2022.03.025","article-title":"TAZ ameliorates the microglia-mediated inflammatory response via the Nrf2-ROS-NF-kappaB pathway","volume":"28","author":"Huang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Mol. Ther. Nucleic Acids"},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.64.2.185","article-title":"Neuronal damage in brain inflammation","volume":"64","author":"Aktas","year":"2007","journal-title":"Arch. Neurol."}],"container-title":["Cells"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-4409\/14\/15\/1202\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,9]],"date-time":"2025-10-09T18:23:33Z","timestamp":1760034213000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-4409\/14\/15\/1202"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]]},"references-count":64,"journal-issue":{"issue":"15","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8]]}},"alternative-id":["cells14151202"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cells14151202","relation":{},"ISSN":["2073-4409"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2073-4409","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,5]]}}}