{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T16:22:32Z","timestamp":1791390152527,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":80,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,24]],"date-time":"2025-08-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1755993600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Directorate of Research, Downstream and Community Service (DRHPM) of Universitas Padjadjaran"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is largely driven by inflammation. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) show therapeutic potential; however, their efficacy across CKD etiologies remains unclear. Methods: Comprehensive searches were conducted in PubMed, Cochrane, ScienceDirect, Scopus and Google Scholar. Effect sizes for inflammation and renal function outcomes were meta-analyzed. Results: Of 2514 studies screened, 52 met inclusion criteria (49 animal studies, 3 randomized controlled trials). In animal models, MSCs significantly reduced interleukin-6 (mean difference [MD] = \u2212155.80; 95% CI: \u2212249.10, \u221262.51; p = 0.001) and tumor necrosis factor-\u03b1 (TNF-\u03b1) (MD = \u221235.53; 95% CI: \u221252.75, \u221218.30; p &lt; 0.0001). In patients, TNF-\u03b1 reduction was not significant (MD = \u22120.74; 95% CI: \u22122.20, 0.73; p = 0.32). Serum creatinine decreased in animals (MD = \u22120.38; 95% CI: \u22120.46, \u22120.29; p &lt; 0.00001), but not in patients (MD = \u22120.59; 95% CI: \u22121.92, 0.74; p = 0.39). Blood urea nitrogen decreased in animals (MD = \u221219.27; 95% CI: \u221223.50, \u221215.04; p &lt; 0.00001), and glomerular filtration rate improved (standardized MD = 1.83; 95% CI: 0.51, 3.15; p = 0.007), with no change in patients. Conclusion: MSCs improve inflammation and renal function in CKD animal models; however, evidence in patients remains inconclusive.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells14171313","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,25]],"date-time":"2025-08-25T00:09:32Z","timestamp":1756080572000},"page":"1313","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Mesenchymal Stem Cells as Anti-Inflammatory Agents in Chronic Kidney Disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Lukman","family":"Pura","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Doctoral Study Program of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 40132, Indonesia"},{"name":"Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek Regional General Hospital, Bandar Lampung 35112, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raeni Dwi","family":"Putri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Master Study Program of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 40132, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muh. Arya","family":"Prahmana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Master Study Program of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung 40132, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad Palar","family":"Wijaya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dr. H. Abdul Moeloek Regional General Hospital, Bandar Lampung 35112, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ria","family":"Bandiara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran\/Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung 40161, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmad","family":"Faried","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery and Stem Cell Working Group, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran\/Padjadjaran University Hospital, Jatinangor 45363, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rudi","family":"Supriyadi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran\/Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung 40161, Indonesia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,8,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e342","DOI":"10.1016\/S2214-109X(24)00050-0","article-title":"The major global burden of chronic kidney disease","volume":"12","author":"Jadoul","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Glob. 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