{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T05:55:35Z","timestamp":1782539735336,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":69,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1760572800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Institutes of Health (NIH)\/National Cancer Institute","award":["R01-CA228157"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01-CA228157"]}]},{"name":"National Institutes of Health (NIH)\/National Cancer Institute","award":["R21-CA220475"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R21-CA220475"]}]},{"name":"NIH\/National Institute of aging","award":["R56-AG086059"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R56-AG086059"]}]},{"name":"UCLA Tumor Immunology T32 Training Grant and Postdoctoral Fellowship to L.E. Mart\u00ednez","award":["T32-CA009120"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["T32-CA009120"]}]},{"name":"UCLA Cancer Center Support Grant","award":["P30-CA016042-S"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30-CA016042-S"]}]},{"name":"UCLA AIDS Institute Center for AIDS Research","award":["P30-AI028697"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30-AI028697"]}]},{"name":"James B. Pendleton Charitable Trust and the McCarthy Family Foundation"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>People with HIV (PWH) are at an increased risk for AIDS-associated non-Hodgkin lymphoma (AIDS-NHL); however, the immune signatures underlying this risk are not well understood. In this study, we utilized mass cytometry by time-of-flight (CyTOF) to analyze T-cells and monocytes in the PBMCs of treatment-na\u00efve PWH, including those 3 to 36 months before an AIDS-NHL diagnosis (HIV-positive pre-NHL), as well as people without HIV (PWoH). Mass cytometry is an advanced single-cell analysis platform that combines flow cytometry principles with mass spectrometry. Unlike conventional flow cytometry, this technology employs antibodies conjugated to unique metal isotopes instead of fluorescent markers, enabling simultaneous measurement of over 40 distinct cellular markers per individual cell without spectral overlap limitations. Participants were enrolled at the Los Angeles site of the MACS\/WIHS Combined Cohort Study (MWCCS). Unsupervised clustering and Uniform Manifold Approximation and Projection (UMAP) analysis identified CD3+ T-cell and CD14+ monocyte metaclusters, and Spearman\u2019s rank correlation assessed their relationships with B-cell subsets exhibiting aberrant phenotypes. We observed elevated levels of CD8+CD20+ T-cells, CD8+CD14+ T-cells, and M2-like CD14+CD163+ monocytes in HIV-positive pre-NHL individuals compared to HIV-negative controls. Positive correlations were found between CD19+ AICDA+ cMYC+ B-cells and M1-like CD14+cMYC+ monocytes (metacluster, MC02), and between metaclusters of CD8+PD-1+CD27+CXCR4\u2212 T-cells (MC05) and CD4+FoxP3+PD-1+CD27+CD28+CXCR4\u2212 ICOS+ T-cells (MC08). In addition, a different CD19+ B-cell metacluster (FoxP3+AICDA+cMYC+) was positively associated with a metacluster of CD8+PD-1+CD27+CD28+CXCR4+ T-cells (MC03). Moreover, the metacluster of CD8+PD-1+CD27+CXCR4\u2212 T-cells (MC05) negatively correlated with M2-like CD14+CD163+ monocytes (MC06), while CD8+CD14+ T-cells positively correlated with AICDA+ Bregs and IL-10+ B-regs in HIV-positive pre-NHL individuals. Unsupervised analysis revealed increased frequencies of CD8+CD20+ T-cells in HIV-positive individuals compared to HIV-negative controls. These immune alterations provide valuable insights into potential biomarkers for early detection, monitoring, and therapeutic strategies for AIDS-NHL.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells14201608","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T12:17:02Z","timestamp":1760617022000},"page":"1608","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Description of T-Cell and Monocyte Populations in the Circulation of People with HIV Prior to AIDS-NHL Diagnosis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Laura E.","family":"Mart\u00ednez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"UCLA AIDS Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bego\u00f1a","family":"Comin-Anduix","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA"},{"name":"Ahmanson Translational Theranostics Division, Department of Molecular and Medical Pharmacology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA"},{"name":"Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miriam","family":"G\u00fcemes-Aragon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA"},{"name":"Department of Hematology and Oncology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5973-598X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Javier","family":"Ibarrondo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCLA AIDS Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roger","family":"Detels","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matthew J.","family":"Mimiaga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7605-5994","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta","family":"Epeldegui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UCLA AIDS Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA"},{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA"},{"name":"Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"995","DOI":"10.1182\/blood.2020005469","article-title":"Hematologic cancers in individuals infected by HIV","volume":"139","author":"Carbone","year":"2022","journal-title":"Blood"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0002223","DOI":"10.1128\/cmr.00022-23","article-title":"HIV-associated cancers and lymphoproliferative disorders caused by Kaposi sarcoma herpesvirus and Epstein-Barr virus","volume":"37","author":"Lurain","year":"2024","journal-title":"Clin. 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