{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T11:36:27Z","timestamp":1787916987507,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":102,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]],"date-time":"2025-11-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1762214400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"NIH","award":["R01AG054324"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01AG054324"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"CIHR","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PJT-153052"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PJT-153052"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"CIHR","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PJT-178127"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PJT-178127"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"CIHR","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["HAL 398643"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["HAL 398643"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Canadian Foundation for Innovation"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100007671","name":"Fondation du CHUM","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100007671","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100020951","name":"Fonds de recherche du Qu\u00e9bec","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100020951","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"CHIR HIV clinical trial network","award":["CTN-272"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CTN-272"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Antiretroviral therapy (ART) controls HIV-1 replication in people with HIV-1 (PWH), but intestinal integrity impairment persists and fuels microbial translocation and chronic immune activation, thus heightening the cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Here, we sought to identify novel immunological correlates of the HIV and CVD status in ART-treated PWH (HIV+; n = 42) and uninfected participants (HIV\u2212; n = 40) of the Canadian HIV and Aging Cohort Study (CHACS), with\/without subclinical coronary atherosclerotic plaques, measured by Coronary Computed Tomography Angiography as total plaque volume (TPV, mm3). PBMCs were analyzed by flow cytometry for the expression of T-cell lineage (CD45, CD3, CD4, CD8\u03b1\u03b1, CD8\u03b1\u03b2, TCR\u03b1\u03b2, TCR\u03b3\u03b4), epithelial cell (EpCAM\/CD326), activation (HLA-DR), and gut-homing\/residency markers (CD69, CD196\/CCR6, CD199\/CCR9, CD49d\/Itg\u03b14, CD103\/Itg\u03b1E, Itg\u03b27). Alterations in the CD3+ T-cell pool, such as increased frequencies of CD8+TCR\u03b1\u03b2+ and TCR\u03b3\u03b4+ cells, to the detriment of CD4+TCR\u03b1\u03b2+ subsets, were associated with the HIV status. Also, CD4+ T-cells with CD326+CD69+CCR6+Itg\u03b1E+ and CCR6+Itg\u03b27\u2212 phenotypes were increased in frequency in HIV+ vs. HIV\u2212 participants, together with a decreased frequency of CD8+ T-cells with an intraepithelial lymphocyte (IEL)-like CD3+CD4\u2212TCR\u03b1\u03b2+TCR\u03b3\u03b4\u2212CD8\u03b1\u03b1+CD8\u03b1\u03b2\u2212 phenotype. Finally, multivariate logistic regression identified the frequency of Itg\u03b1E+CD8+, Itg\u03b1E\u2212CD8+, CCR6+CD4+, and CCR6+Itg\u03b27\u2212CD4+ T-cells as strong positive correlates of HIV status and atherosclerotic plaque in ART-treated PWH.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells14211732","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,5]],"date-time":"2025-11-05T07:58:05Z","timestamp":1762329485000},"page":"1732","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Alterations in Circulating T-Cell Subsets with Gut-Homing\/Residency Phenotypes Associated with HIV-1 Status and Subclinical Atherosclerosis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Etiene","family":"Moreira Gabriel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"D\u00e9partement de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Montreal, QC H2C 3J7, Canada"},{"name":"Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al (CRCHUM), 900 Rue Saint-Denis, Tour Viger R, Room R09.416, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7842-0115","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jonathan","family":"Dias","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"D\u00e9partement de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Montreal, QC H2C 3J7, Canada"},{"name":"Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al (CRCHUM), 900 Rue Saint-Denis, Tour Viger R, Room R09.416, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abdelali","family":"Filali-Mouhim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al (CRCHUM), 900 Rue Saint-Denis, Tour Viger R, Room R09.416, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramon Edwin","family":"Caballero","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al (CRCHUM), 900 Rue Saint-Denis, Tour Viger R, Room R09.416, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology & Immunology, School of Biomedical Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC 3A 2B4, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomas Raul","family":"Wiche Salinas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"D\u00e9partement de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Montreal, QC H2C 3J7, Canada"},{"name":"Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al (CRCHUM), 900 Rue Saint-Denis, Tour Viger R, Room R09.416, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5717-6232","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manon","family":"Nayrac","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al (CRCHUM), 900 Rue Saint-Denis, Tour Viger R, Room R09.416, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carl","family":"Chartrand-Lefebvre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al (CRCHUM), 900 Rue Saint-Denis, Tour Viger R, Room R09.416, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada"},{"name":"D\u00e9partement de Radiologie, Radio-Oncologie et M\u00e9decine Nucl\u00e9aire, Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Montreal, QC H2C 3J7, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9897-7589","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jean-Pierre","family":"Routy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chronic Viral Illness Service, Division of Hematology, Research Institute, Health Centre, Glen Site, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada"},{"name":"Health Centre, Glen Site, McGill University, Montreal, QC H4A 3J1, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Madeleine","family":"Durand","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al (CRCHUM), 900 Rue Saint-Denis, Tour Viger R, Room R09.416, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada"},{"name":"D\u00e9partement de M\u00e9decine, Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Montreal, QC H2C 3J7, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6458-4207","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed","family":"El-Far","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al (CRCHUM), 900 Rue Saint-Denis, Tour Viger R, Room R09.416, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3440-3436","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"C\u00e9cile","family":"Tremblay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"D\u00e9partement de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Montreal, QC H2C 3J7, Canada"},{"name":"Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al (CRCHUM), 900 Rue Saint-Denis, Tour Viger R, Room R09.416, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1922-5640","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Petronela","family":"Ancuta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"D\u00e9partement de Microbiologie, Infectiologie et Immunologie, Facult\u00e9 de M\u00e9decine, Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al, Montreal, QC H2C 3J7, Canada"},{"name":"Centre de Recherche du Centre Hospitalier de l\u2019Universit\u00e9 de Montr\u00e9al (CRCHUM), 900 Rue Saint-Denis, Tour Viger R, Room R09.416, Montreal, QC H2X 0A9, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"WHO (2025, September 15). 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