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The aim of this review is to describe the role of angiogenesis in different retinal and choroidal pathologies and evaluate current and emerging anti-angiogenic therapies for retinopathies. Current research articles, focusing on the latest clinical trials from the last two decades, were used to write this review. We discuss normal angiogenesis, in contrast to pathological angiogenesis, in four diseases: retinal vein occlusion (RVO), age-related macular degeneration (AMD), diabetic retinopathy (DR), and retinopathy of prematurity (ROP). Alongside these diseases, this review discusses relevant anti-angiogenic therapies that have been approved for use and are under active investigation through clinical trials for their safety and efficacy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells14231849","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]],"date-time":"2025-11-24T11:47:22Z","timestamp":1763984842000},"page":"1849","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Role of Angiogenesis in Retinal Diseases and New Advances in Drug Development"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Emma","family":"Boey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Ave, Bronx, NY 10461, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Humza","family":"Zaidi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Connecticut School of Medicine, 200 Academic Wy, Farmington, CT 06032, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6450-9525","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tina","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5R 0A3, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5393-5243","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amirfarbod","family":"Yazdanyar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Retina Group of New England, 174 Cross Rd, Waterford, CT 06385, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"58","DOI":"10.1016\/j.preteyeres.2017.10.001","article-title":"Development of the hyaloid, choroidal and retinal vasculatures in the fetal human eye","volume":"62","author":"Lutty","year":"2018","journal-title":"Prog. 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