{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T03:39:19Z","timestamp":1792035559997,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":57,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,9]],"date-time":"2025-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1765238400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006769","name":"Russian Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["24-15-00249"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["24-15-00249"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006769","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>\u03b3-Aminobutyric acid (GABA) is the main inhibitory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. However, GABA receptors, notably at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ), have also been identified in the peripheral nervous system. Here, we studied GABAB receptor (GABAB\u2013R)-mediated regulation of acetylcholine (ACh) release in mouse NMJs during early postnatal development. The results revealed that, depending on the age of the mice, the activation of GABAB\u2013R had the opposite effect on ACh release. At the NMJ in mice on the second postnatal (P2) day, the GABAB\u2013R blocker CGP 55845 (5 \u03bcM) significantly increased the level of ACh release, whereas the GABAB\u2013R agonist baclofen (10 \u03bcM) decreased ACh release. In P14-aged mice, CGP 55845 decreased ACh release, while the application of baclofen significantly increased the release. At the NMJ of P14 mice, the mechanism of the ACh release-potentiating effect of GABAB\u2013R activation involves N-type calcium ion channels and small-conductance calcium ion-activated potassium ion channels.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells14241949","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,9]],"date-time":"2025-12-09T12:42:43Z","timestamp":1765284163000},"page":"1949","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Age-Dependent Regulation of Acetylcholine Release at the Neuromuscular Junction Mediated by GABA"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-1358-5062","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Egor","family":"Nevsky","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 420111 Kazan, Russia"},{"name":"Department of Human and Animal Physiology, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0597-2031","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guzel","family":"Sibgatullina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 420111 Kazan, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6019-5514","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dmitry","family":"Samigullin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 420111 Kazan, Russia"},{"name":"Department of Radiophotonics and Microwave Technologies, Kazan National Research Technical University Named After A.N. Tupolev-KAI, 420111 Kazan, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9856-6162","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Artem","family":"Malomouzh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 420111 Kazan, Russia"},{"name":"Department of Radiophotonics and Microwave Technologies, Kazan National Research Technical University Named After A.N. Tupolev-KAI, 420111 Kazan, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4643-2197","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vladimir","family":"Parpura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Translational Neuroscience Research Institute, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Konstantin","family":"Petrov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Kazan Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 420111 Kazan, Russia"},{"name":"Department of Human and Animal Physiology, Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia"},{"name":"Arbuzov Institute of Organic and Physical Chemistry, FRC Kazan Scientific Center of RAS, 420111 Kazan, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neubiorev.2021.01.024","article-title":"The postnatal GABA shift: A developmental perspective","volume":"124","author":"Peerboom","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neurosci. 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