{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T06:39:44Z","timestamp":1772692784631,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]],"date-time":"2026-03-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772496000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Science and Technology Council","award":["NSTC 113-2320-B-039-049-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSTC 113-2320-B-039-049-MY3"]}]},{"name":"National Science and Technology Council","award":["NSTC 112-2320-B-039-035-MY3"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NSTC 112-2320-B-039-035-MY3"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007300","name":"China Medical University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["CMU114-ASIA-07"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMU114-ASIA-07"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007300","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100007300","name":"China Medical University","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["CMU114-ASIA-001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMU114-ASIA-001"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100007300","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004391","name":"China Medical University Hospital","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["DMR-115-088"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DMR-115-088"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004391","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"China Medical University Hsinchu Hospital","award":["CMUHCH-DMR-113-02"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMUHCH-DMR-113-02"]}]},{"name":"China Medical University Hsinchu Hospital","award":["CMUHCH-DMR-114-025"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CMUHCH-DMR-114-025"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most general cancer in men and is often linked with distant metastasis in its later stages. The caffeic acid (CA) derivative, N-(4-methoxyphenyl)methylcaffeamide (MPMCA), demonstrates superior liver-protective effects compared to CA. Nevertheless, the functions of MPMCA on prostate cancer metastasis remain unclear. Here, we demonstrate that MPMCA blocks migration and invasion in prostate cancer cells without affecting cell viability. By suppressing the production of mesenchymal markers Vimentin, N-cadherin and \u03b2-catenin and upregulating the production of the epithelial marker Zonula Occludens-1 (ZO-1), MPMCA also controls Epithelial\u2013Mesenchymal Transition (EMT). The Phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), Protein kinase B (AKT) and mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) pathway has been documented to regulate MPMCA-inhibited cell motility. Transfection with Snail and Slug cDNA reverses MPMCA\u2019s suppression of EMT, migration, and invasion in prostate cancer cells. Importantly, our in vivo data indicates that MPMCA reduces Snail and Slug expression and prostate cancer metastasis. Our evidence suggests that MPMCA is a novel therapeutic candidate for treating metastatic prostate cancer.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells15050454","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,4]],"date-time":"2026-03-04T08:51:33Z","timestamp":1772614293000},"page":"454","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Caffeic Acid Derivative MPMCA Inhibits Prostate Cancer EMT and Metastasis by Regulating Transcription Factors Snail and Slug"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Jo-Yu","family":"Lin","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tien-Huang","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien 970374, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Urology, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital Taichung Branch, Taichung 427213, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3405-8863","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yuan-Li","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 413305, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chao-Yang","family":"Lai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 413305, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9565-8419","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Trung-Loc","family":"Ho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4428-3132","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chun-Hao","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Medicine, College of Health Care, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404333, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi-Chin","family":"Fong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sports Medicine, College of Health Care, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404333, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Orthopedic Surgery, China Medical University Beigang Hospital, Yunlin 651012, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hsi-Chin","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Urology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung 404333, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Urology, China Medical University Beigang Hospital, Beigang, Yunlin 651012, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"An-Chen","family":"Chang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Oral Hygiene, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei City 110301, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5935-6755","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yueh-Hsiung","family":"Kuo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences and Chinese Medicine Resources, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan"},{"name":"Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sung-Lin","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Family Medicine, China Medical University Hsinchu Hospital, Hsinchu 302056, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7113-8352","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chih-Hsin","family":"Tang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Graduate Institute of Biomedical Sciences, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 413305, Taiwan"},{"name":"School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan"},{"name":"Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan"},{"name":"Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung 404333, Taiwan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"7","article-title":"Cancer statistics, 2025: A hinge moment for optimism to morph into hope?","volume":"75","author":"Corn","year":"2025","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. 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