{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T20:49:48Z","timestamp":1792788588859,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1772668800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Osteoporosis is a complex disorder involving bone loss and muscle degeneration. Multi-omics technologies provide novel insights into its molecular mechanisms and may support biomarker discovery, patient stratification, and therapeutic development. Objective: This scoping review aimed to synthesize current evidence on the application of multi-omics approaches in osteoporosis, focusing on molecular insights, methodological diversity, and translational potential. Methods: A literature search of PubMed, Embase, and Scopus retrieved 433 records using the keywords \u201costeoporosis,\u201d \u201costeosarcopenia,\u201d and \u201comics.\u201d After removing duplicates and screening titles, abstracts, and full texts, 30 studies met the inclusion criteria. Data on study populations, biological samples, multi-omics techniques, and integration methods were extracted. Results: Studies employed transcriptomics, proteomics, metabolomics, lipidomics, epigenomics, and metagenomics, often combined in multi-omics analyses with computational modeling. Key pathways included osteoclast differentiation, immune regulation, ferroptosis, and microbiome\u2013metabolite interactions. Multi-omics integration enabled the identification of molecular subtypes, candidate biomarkers, and potential therapeutic targets. Limitations included small or single-center cohorts, heterogeneous designs, and limited validation, restricting generalizability and clinical translation. Conclusions: Multi-omics approaches offer a powerful framework to uncover the molecular mechanisms underlying bone and muscle degeneration and to guide precision diagnostics and interventions. Future studies should prioritize large, multicenter, longitudinal designs integrating multi-omics data with clinical and functional validation to facilitate clinical application.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells15050472","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]],"date-time":"2026-03-05T13:11:22Z","timestamp":1772716282000},"page":"472","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Profiling Osteoporosis via Integrated Multi-Omics Technologies"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5366-5733","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adriano","family":"Braile","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Ospedale del Mare, 80147 Naples, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Specialties and Dentistry, University of Campania \u201cLuigi Vanvitelli\u201d, 81100 Naples, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Clinical Sciences and Translational Medicine, University of Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adriano","family":"Bani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UOSD Laboratorio Territoriale SS Annunziata, ASL Napoli 1, 80145 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seyedeh Fatemeh","family":"Hosseininasab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico, 80145 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola del","family":"Regno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Ospedale del Mare, 80147 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Orabona","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Ospedale del Mare, 80147 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Bove","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Ospedale del Mare, 80147 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3067-217X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariantonia","family":"Braile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UOSD Laboratorio Territoriale SS Annunziata, ASL Napoli 1, 80145 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1929","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)08761-5","article-title":"Diagnosis of osteoporosis and assessment of fracture risk","volume":"359","author":"Kanis","year":"2002","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"122","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0038-1660790","article-title":"Osteoporosis: Current Concepts","volume":"6","author":"Akkawi","year":"2018","journal-title":"Joints"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Braile, M., Braile, A., Greggi, C., Visconti, V.V., Toro, G., Trotta, M.C., Conza, G., and Tarantino, U. 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