{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T06:48:01Z","timestamp":1773211681344,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":116,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1773100800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000024","name":"Canadian Institutes of Health Research","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CIHR MOP# 378189"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CIHR MOP# 378189"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000024","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Sheldon H. Weinstein Chair in Diabetes Research at the Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Diabetes mellitus is a global healthcare issue of epidemic proportions. At the root of these disorders, characterized by poor glucose regulation and insulin deficiencies, is the pancreatic beta cell and insufficient insulin signal transduction in peripheral tissues. Residual c-peptide secretion and persisting beta cells have been found in patients who have been living with type 1 diabetes for over 50 years. Thus, beta cell regeneration has been vastly studied in rodents, and many agents to expand beta cell mass are under rigorous investigation for the treatment of diabetes. Multipotent stromal cells (MSC), isolated from human bone marrow, have an immunomodulatory and pro-regenerative secretome that can aid in repairing damaged tissues, including pancreatic islets. MSC transplantation has been shown to reduce hyperglycemia and orchestrate islet repair in experimental diabetes models and is currently being assessed in clinical trials. While the immunomodulatory mechanisms of MSC are well-studied, the beta-cell-regenerative mechanisms are unknown. MSC likely play a regenerative role by signaling to resident progenitor or precursor cells in the pancreas; however, the decades-long controversy surrounding the origin of regenerated adult beta cells remains unresolved. Herein, we take a deep dive into the role of MSC in the treatment of diabetes and the potential cellular mechanisms behind the MSC stimulation of beta cell regeneration.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells15060488","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]],"date-time":"2026-03-10T08:43:31Z","timestamp":1773132211000},"page":"488","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Therapeutic Activities of Multipotent Stromal Cells for Islet Regeneration"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Nazihah","family":"Rasiwala","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada"},{"name":"Molecular Medicine Research Laboratories, Robarts Research Institute, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gillian I.","family":"Bell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada"},{"name":"Molecular Medicine Research Laboratories, Robarts Research Institute, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nouran N.","family":"Al-Banaa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada"},{"name":"Molecular Medicine Research Laboratories, Robarts Research Institute, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2186-3166","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David A.","family":"Hess","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada"},{"name":"Molecular Medicine Research Laboratories, Robarts Research Institute, London, ON N6A 3K7, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"943","DOI":"10.1016\/j.molmet.2017.06.019","article-title":"Human beta cell mass and function in diabetes: Recent advances in knowledge and technologies to understand disease pathogenesis","volume":"6","author":"Chen","year":"2017","journal-title":"Mol. 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