{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,29]],"date-time":"2026-07-29T15:22:54Z","timestamp":1785338574186,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1776124800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Regional Council of La R\u00e9union and European Union","award":["FEDER PO 2021-2027"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FEDER PO 2021-2027"]}]},{"name":"EPIGEN project research","award":["2019221-0022768"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019221-0022768"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In rheumatoid arthritis (RA), activated synovial tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) acquire a pathogenic phenotype and produce pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, metalloproteinases, pro-osteoclastic and pro-angiogenic factors. The acquisition of this aggressive phenotype might be due to modified expression of micro-RNAs. We aimed to clarify the role of specific micro-RNAs (miR-146a-5p, miR-221-3p, miR-34a-3p, miR-150, miR-203a-3p and miR-155-3p) in an in vitro model of RA. Methods: Micro-RNA expression was determined in RA patient plasma and in commercial human synovial tissue-derived MSC-like cells stimulated with a panel of pro-inflammatory mediators (poly I:C, TNF-\u03b1, IL-1\u03b2, IFN-\u03b3) to mimic the rheumatoid arthritis pathogenic setting. Next, unstimulated cells or TNF-\u03b1 stimulated cells were transfected with miR-146a-5p mimic or miR-221-3p mimic. Protein and\/or mRNA expressions of chemokines, cytokines, VEGF, MMPs and RANKL were determined by ELISA or qRT-PCR. MiR-34a-3p, miR-146a-5p, miR-150, miR-221-3p and miR-203a-5p were upregulated in RA patient plasma versus healthy controls. Moreover, synovial tissue-derived MSC-like cells expressed miR-146a-5p and miR-221-3p in response to pro-inflammatory mediators. Overexpression of miR-146a-5p increased CCL2 and CXCL8 expression and miR-221-3p increased IL-1\u03b2 and IL-6 expression in synovial tissue-derived MSC-like cells stimulated with TNF-\u03b1. Conclusion: Overexpression of miR-146a-5p and miR-221-3p might favour inflammation and participate in rheumatoid arthritis pathogenesis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells15080691","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T12:23:56Z","timestamp":1776169436000},"page":"691","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Overexpression of miR-146a-5p and miR-221-3p in Human Synovial MSC-like Cells Favoured the Expression of Pro-Inflammatory Mediators in an In Vitro Model of Rheumatoid Arthritis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0690-5797","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melissa","family":"Payet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit \u2018Etudes Pharmaco-Immunologique\u2019 UR EPI, Universit\u00e9 de la R\u00e9union, 97400 Saint-Denis, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5605-3131","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matthieu","family":"Daniel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit \u2018Etudes Pharmaco-Immunologique\u2019 UR EPI, Universit\u00e9 de la R\u00e9union, 97400 Saint-Denis, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3719-7903","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Brice","family":"Nativel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit \u2018Etudes Pharmaco-Immunologique\u2019 UR EPI, Universit\u00e9 de la R\u00e9union, 97400 Saint-Denis, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6270-0665","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Franck","family":"Ah-Pine","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit \u2018Etudes Pharmaco-Immunologique\u2019 UR EPI, Universit\u00e9 de la R\u00e9union, 97400 Saint-Denis, France"},{"name":"Service d\u2019Anatomie et Cytologie Pathologiques, CHU de La R\u00e9union Site SUD, 97400 Saint Pierre, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1837-8063","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philippe","family":"Gasque","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit \u2018Etudes Pharmaco-Immunologique\u2019 UR EPI, Universit\u00e9 de la R\u00e9union, 97400 Saint-Denis, France"},{"name":"Immunology Laboratory (LICE-OI), CHU de La R\u00e9union, 97400 Saint-Denis, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xavier","family":"Guillot","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit \u2018Etudes Pharmaco-Immunologique\u2019 UR EPI, Universit\u00e9 de la R\u00e9union, 97400 Saint-Denis, France"},{"name":"Rheumatology Department, CHU de La R\u00e9union Site F\u00e9lix Guyon, All\u00e9e des Topazes, CS 11021, 97400 Saint-Denis, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2012.190","article-title":"Duality of Fibroblast-like Synoviocytes in RA: Passive Responders and Imprinted Aggressors","volume":"9","author":"Bottini","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. 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Dis."}],"container-title":["Cells"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-4409\/15\/8\/691\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]],"date-time":"2026-04-14T12:31:54Z","timestamp":1776169914000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2073-4409\/15\/8\/691"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4]]}},"alternative-id":["cells15080691"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/cells15080691","relation":{},"ISSN":["2073-4409"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2073-4409","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,14]]}}}