{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,2]],"date-time":"2026-05-02T21:37:25Z","timestamp":1777757845617,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]],"date-time":"2026-04-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777075200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"the UCLA Chancellor\u2019s Office","award":["441903-54765"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["441903-54765"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Chemotherapy-induced mucositis (CIM) is a dose-limiting toxicity of cancer therapy that is mainly associated with mitochondrial dysfunction in epithelial cells. We investigated whether GV1001, a mitochondrial protective peptide from human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT), attenuates 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-induced mucositis in a murine model. 5-FU induced notable mortality, leukopenia, and mucositis in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, including tongue, esophagus and small intestine. It promoted epithelial\u2013mesenchymal transition (EMT), nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-\u03baB) activation, systemic and mucosal inflammation, DNA damage, impaired cell proliferation, and apoptosis throughout the GI tract. GV1001 blocked 5-FU\u2013associated mortality, significantly attenuated leukopenia, and notably prevented mucositis. GV1001 also suppressed 5-FU-induced DNA damage, EMT, loss of proliferative capacity, apoptosis, and NF-\u03baB activation in mucosal epithelium. In normal human keratinocytes, 5-FU inhibited the cell proliferation, disrupted mitochondrial function, as evidenced by reduced mitochondrial membrane potential, increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, impaired electron transport chain (ETC) complex integrity, decreased ATP synthesis, and cytochrome c release into the cytosol. GV1001 markedly mitigated these 5-FU-induced mitochondrial defects. Taken together, GV1001 mitigates CIM by most likely preserving mitochondrial integrity and function, supporting its potential as a strategy to prevent cancer chemotherapy-associated mucosal injury in patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells15090774","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T12:31:56Z","timestamp":1777465916000},"page":"774","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["GV1001, hTERT Peptide Fragment, Prevents 5-Fluorouracil-Induced Mucositis by Inhibiting Mitochondrial Damages"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Cheyenne","family":"Beheshtian","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, 714 Tiverton Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, 714 Tiverton Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Seojin","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, 714 Tiverton Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Angela","family":"Jun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, 714 Tiverton Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eun-Bin","family":"Bae","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, 714 Tiverton Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5635-7728","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Reuben","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, 714 Tiverton Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA"},{"name":"Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sangjae","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Teloid Inc., 920 Westholme Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90024, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4481-3137","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"No-Hee","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Shapiro Family Laboratory of Viral Oncology and Aging Research, UCLA School of Dentistry, 714 Tiverton Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA"},{"name":"Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at University of California, Los Angeles, 10833 Le Conte Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cinausero, M., Aprile, G., Ermacora, P., Basile, D., Vitale, M.G., Fanotto, V., Parisi, G., Calvetti, L., and Sonis, S.T. 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