{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T15:03:10Z","timestamp":1785769390520,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":263,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]],"date-time":"2026-04-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1777248000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>SARS-CoV-2 infection is associated with not only acute respiratory symptoms but is also characterized by strong neurotropism which may contribute to the development of the multisystem post-COVID syndrome (PASC). Patients frequently report chronic neurocognitive disorders such as brain fog, significant attention deficits and increased susceptibility to epileptiform discharges. The aim of this review is to systematize the knowledge regarding deviations in quantitative electroencephalography (QEEG) recordings in convalescents and to evaluate the utility of this method as an objective biomarker. This work constitutes a comprehensive literature review integrating the latest data on neuroinflammation, blood-brain barrier damage and changes in cortical oscillatory dynamics induced by the infection. The literature analysis indicates that the virus may induce a pathological excitation and inhibition imbalance (E\/I imbalance) in neuronal networks. In QEEG studies this manifests as excessive activity of slow bands (Theta, Delta), a deficit of rhythms responsible for attention and sensorimotor integration (SMR) and a pathologically elevated Theta to Beta ratio (TBR). In conclusion, QEEG can serve as an objective and highly sensitive tool supporting the diagnosis and stratification of patients with neurocognitive complications of Long COVID. The integration of precise electrophysiological phenotyping with targeted behavioral neuromodulation (e.g., EEG-Biofeedback) fits into the paradigm of personalized medicine and offers a prospective strategy for mitigating long-term neurological burdens.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells15090790","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T13:32:22Z","timestamp":1777469542000},"page":"790","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Alterations in Cortical Oscillatory Dynamics Following SARS-CoV-2 Infection: QEEG Biomarkers of Vulnerability to Attention and Seizure-Related Symptoms"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3936-0698","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta","family":"Kopa\u0144ska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Communication and Professional Competency Development, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rzesz\u00f3w, 35-959 Rzesz\u00f3w, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0001-0986-648X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Julia","family":"Trojniak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Student Research Club \u201cReh-Tech\u201d, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rzesz\u00f3w, al. Tadeusza Rejtana 16C, 35-959 Rzesz\u00f3w, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9696-9945","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jolanta","family":"G\u00f3ral-P\u00f3\u0142rola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Pedagogy and Psychology, Jan Kochanowski University of Kielce, 25-029 Kielce, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4918-1984","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"P\u0105chalska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuropsychology and Neurorehabilitation, Andrzej Frycz Modrzewski Krakow University, 30-705 Cracow, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1038\/s41579-020-00459-7","article-title":"Characteristics of SARS-CoV-2 and COVID-19","volume":"19","author":"Hu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. 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