{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T00:10:03Z","timestamp":1790035803979,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783296000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"DGAPA-PAPIIT","award":["IN228223"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IN228223"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Sleep deprivation is a recognized risk factor for neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative disorders. Dopamine signaling through D2 receptors (DRD2) has emerged as a potential immunomodulatory pathway in the central nervous system. The present study investigated whether activation of DRD2 by quinpirole (QUIN) modulates astrocytic and microglial responses and NF-\u03baB nuclear translocation in a murine model of rapid eye movement sleep deprivation (RSD). Male CD1 mice were subjected to 72 h of RSD and treated with QUIN (2 mg\/kg\/day). GFAP, Iba-1, and NF-\u03baB expression were evaluated in hippocampal subregions (CA1, CA3, dentate gyrus) and the medial parietal cortex using immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy. RSD increased GFAP and Iba-1 expression and induced morphological changes consistent with glial activation. Notably, RSD increased NF-\u03baB nuclear expression in microglia. QUIN administration reduced Iba-1 expression, attenuated microglial morphological alterations, and reduced NF-\u03baB nuclear expression across all analyzed regions, even in RSD-subjected mice. These findings suggest that DRD2 activation exerts anti-inflammatory effects in the brain during REM sleep deprivation and that dopaminergic signaling may represent a key target for neuroinflammation associated with sleep loss.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells15131224","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]],"date-time":"2026-07-06T13:43:14Z","timestamp":1783345394000},"page":"1224","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Quinpirole, a D2-like Dopaminergic Receptor Agonist, Regulates Neuroinflammation and Reduces NF-\u03baB Nuclear Expression in Microglia from Hippocampus and Brain Cortex Induced by Rapid Eye Movement Sleep Deprivation in Mice"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Perla","family":"Ugalde-Mu\u00f1iz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Fisiolog\u00eda, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yetzalen","family":"Olvera-Valderrabano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Fisiolog\u00eda, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rafael","family":"Lugo-Huitr\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Fisiolog\u00eda, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Abraham","family":"Landa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Microbiolog\u00eda y Parasitolog\u00eda, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luz","family":"Navarro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Departamento de Fisiolog\u00eda, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Nacional Aut\u00f3noma de M\u00e9xico, Mexico City 04510, Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"115","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2013.269","article-title":"Sleep and Alzheimer disease pathology\u2014A bidirectional relationship","volume":"10","author":"Ju","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. 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