{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T15:41:29Z","timestamp":1787067689282,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1783641600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000053","name":"NIH-RO1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["EY034684"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["EY034684"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000053","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000053","name":"NIH","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["P30EY031631"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["P30EY031631"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000053","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is a leading cause of vision loss among working-age adults and is characterized by progressive retinal microvascular dysfunction driven by hyperglycemia-induced inflammation and oxidative stress. Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6), a cytoplasmic deacetylase involved in multiple cellular processes, has been implicated in vascular pathology; however, its specific role in retinal endothelial cells remains unclear. In this study, we investigated whether endothelial-specific deletion of HDAC6 protects against diabetic retinal injury. Endothelial HDAC6 knockout mice were generated using VE-cadherin\u2013Cre recombination and subjected to streptozotocin-induced diabetes. Retinal vascular integrity, inflammatory and oxidative stress responses, endothelial senescence, and visual function were assessed during the course of hyperglycemia. Diabetic control mice developed characteristic features of DR, including vascular dysfunction, heightened inflammatory and oxidative stress responses, increased endothelial senescence, and impaired visual function. In contrast, endothelial-specific HDAC6 deletion markedly attenuated these pathological changes, preserving retinal vascular integrity and visual performance while reducing oxidative stress and inflammation. These findings identify endothelial HDAC6 as a key contributor to diabetes-induced retinal vascular injury and suggest that targeting endothelial HDAC6 may represent a promising therapeutic strategy for preventing microvascular damage and vision loss in DR.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells15141244","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]],"date-time":"2026-07-10T09:46:47Z","timestamp":1783676807000},"page":"1244","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Vascular Deletion of HDAC6 Ameliorates Diabetic Retinal Microangiopathy and Diabetic Retinopathy in an Experimental Model of Type 1 Diabetes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Sheila","family":"Ngumbi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3473-7062","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed S.","family":"Gad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA"},{"name":"Department of Medical Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mostafa","family":"Mahrous","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1329-615X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adil","family":"Ijaz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Center of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marco","family":"Orecchioni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Center of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathryn","family":"Bollinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuela","family":"Bartoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e201023222418","DOI":"10.2174\/0115733998253672231011161400","article-title":"A Review on Diabetic Retinopathy","volume":"20","author":"Kour","year":"2024","journal-title":"Curr. 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