{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T01:31:19Z","timestamp":1786325479039,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,8]],"date-time":"2026-08-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786147200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006769","name":"Russian Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["25-25-00121"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25-25-00121"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006769","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"award":["25-25-00121"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["25-25-00121"]}],"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/03y2gwe85","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Nucleated erythroid cells (NECs) are emerging as important immunoregulators at the feto\u2013maternal interface, yet their chemokine profiles and functional dynamics across pregnancy remain poorly understood. Using a murine allogeneic pregnancy model (CBA \u00d7 C57Bl\/6), we isolated placental and splenic TER-119+ NECs at mid- (E12.5) and late (E19.5) gestation. Chemokine production (13-plex), chemokine receptor expression (qPCR), immunosuppressive molecules (PD-L1, TGF-\u03b2, and ROS), T-cell proliferation (CFSE), and immune cell migration (Transwell) were assessed. CD45+ placental NECs were the main producers of PD-L1, TGF-\u03b2, and ROS, with maximal expression at E19.5, suggesting their potential contribution to the immunosuppressive functions observed in the total TER-119+ population. Chemokine production showed a striking shift in CCL17 and CXCL9 from the spleen to the placenta as pregnancy advanced (E12.5 \u2192 E19.5). Splenic NECs displayed dominant expressions of CCR3 and CXCR4. Unexpectedly, CCL2 and CCL4 blockade enhanced immune cell migration toward placental NECs at E19.5. Placental nucleated erythroid cells potently suppressed T-cell proliferation at E12.5, and this suppressive capacity remained stable until full term. Placental NECs undergo dynamic chemokine reprogramming while maintaining stable T-cell suppression. The paradoxical enhancement of migration after CCL2\/CCL4 blockade suggests a complex chemokine network warranting further investigation. These findings provide new insights into the immunobiology of pregnancy and may have implications for understanding pregnancy complications.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells15161430","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,10]],"date-time":"2026-08-10T01:20:03Z","timestamp":1786324803000},"page":"1430","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Chemokine Profiles and Immunosuppressive Properties of Murine Placental Nucleated Erythroid Cells in Mid- and Late Gestation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Julia A.","family":"Shevchenko","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution \u201cResearch Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology\u201d (RIFCI), 630099 Novosibirsk, Russia"},{"name":"Institute of Medicine and Medical Technologies, Department of Immunology, Novosibirsk State University, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7175-4051","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kirill V.","family":"Nazarov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution \u201cResearch Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology\u201d (RIFCI), 630099 Novosibirsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alina A.","family":"Gizbrekht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution \u201cResearch Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology\u201d (RIFCI), 630099 Novosibirsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tatyana A.","family":"Savostyanova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution \u201cResearch Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology\u201d (RIFCI), 630099 Novosibirsk, Russia"},{"name":"Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alena P.","family":"Zakhareva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution \u201cResearch Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology\u201d (RIFCI), 630099 Novosibirsk, Russia"},{"name":"Department of Natural Sciences, Novosibirsk State University, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7366-7768","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sergey V.","family":"Sennikov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Molecular Immunology, Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution \u201cResearch Institute of Fundamental and Clinical Immunology\u201d (RIFCI), 630099 Novosibirsk, Russia"},{"name":"Institute of Medicine and Medical Technologies, Department of Immunology, Novosibirsk State University, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"320","article-title":"Some immunological and endocrinological problems raised by the evolution of viviparity in vertebrates","volume":"7","author":"Medawar","year":"1953","journal-title":"Symp. 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