{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T12:30:33Z","timestamp":1786624233719,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1786579200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Biostar Stem Cell Research Institute","award":["2024-0165"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2024-0165"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>In vitro maturation (IVM) of oocytes remains less efficient than in vivo maturation, partly because conventional culture media cannot fully reproduce the follicular microenvironment. This study evaluated whether human amniotic membrane stem cell-conditioned medium (hAMSC-CM) improves IVM efficiency of mouse cumulus\u2013oocyte complexes (COCs) recovered from ICR females primed with 0, 5, or 10 IU pregnant mare serum gonadotropin (PMSG). hAMSC-CM was added at 10% or 20% (v\/v), and maturation, cleavage, blastocyst formation, and gene expression in MII oocytes, cumulus cells, and blastocysts were assessed. Supplementation with 20% hAMSC-CM significantly increased maturation rates across all PMSG groups, reaching 89.4 \u00b1 1.4% versus 59.5 \u00b1 1.3% in the 5 IU PMSG control (p &lt; 0.05). With PMSG priming, 20% hAMSC-CM also enhanced cleavage and blastocyst formation. Molecular analyses showed suppression of CASPASE9 in MII oocytes, upregulation of AMH, BMP15, and GDF9 with downregulation of AMHR in cumulus cells, and increased IGF1 and BCL2 expression in blastocysts. These findings indicate that 20% hAMSC-CM, together with optimized PMSG priming, improves mouse oocyte IVM efficiency and embryo developmental competence.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells15161454","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]],"date-time":"2026-08-13T11:33:46Z","timestamp":1786620826000},"page":"1454","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Efficacy of Human Amniotic Membrane Stem Cell-Conditioned Medium on Improving In Vitro Maturation Efficiency of Mouse Oocytes"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Kihae","family":"Ra","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute for Veterinary Science, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eun Young","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biostar Stem Cell Research Institute, Seoul 08506, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4387-6363","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sung Keun","family":"Kang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biostar Stem Cell Research Institute, Seoul 08506, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geon A","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, College of Health Science, Eulji University, Uijeongbu 11759, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jeong Chan","family":"Ra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biostar Stem Cell Research Institute, Seoul 08506, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/dmm040","article-title":"Oocyte-secreted factors: Regulators of cumulus cell function and oocyte quality","volume":"14","author":"Gilchrist","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hum. 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