{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,4]],"date-time":"2026-09-04T05:18:13Z","timestamp":1788499093039,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":61,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,30]],"date-time":"2026-08-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1788048000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100016250","name":"Lithuanian University of Health Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100016250","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"id":[{"id":"https:\/\/ror.org\/0069bkg23","id-type":"ROR","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Differences in gene expression between inflammatory-like (iEOS-like) and resident-like (rEOS-like) eosinophil subtypes, and in eosinophil-derived serum mediators, may reflect eosinophil functional activity and their potential role in the pathogenesis of allergic asthma (AA). Methods: Twenty-three patients with non-severe AA and thirteen healthy subjects (HS) were examined. AA patients underwent a bronchial allergen challenge (BAC) with Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and were re-evaluated 24 h later. Blood eosinophils were isolated by gradient centrifugation and magnetic separation, followed by subtyping based on CD62L expression. Gene expression was assessed by TaqMan-based quantitative PCR. Serum eosinophil cationic protein (ECP), eosinophil-derived neurotoxin (EDN), Galectin-10 (Gal10), and NADPH oxidase 2 (NOX2) were measured using ELISA. Results: Blood eosinophil subtypes from AA patients showed significantly higher expression of CLC, ECP, EPX, EDN, MBP, ALOX5, NOX2, and TGF-\u03b21 compared to those from HS (p &lt; 0.05), with no significant changes in LTA4H and LTC4S. iEOS-like cells in AA patients exhibited higher CLC and EPX expression compared to rEOS-like cells, (p &lt; 0.05). Following BAC, CLC, MBP, and TGF-\u03b21 expression increased in both eosinophil subtypes, while EPX and NOX2 increased only in iEOS-like cells (all p &lt; 0.05). Serum ECP, EDN, and Gal10 concentrations were elevated in AA compared to HS and further increased after BAC (all p &lt; 0.05); serum NOX2 remained unchanged. Conclusions: BAC induces a late-phase eosinophilic response in AA characterized by a partially eosinophil subtype-specific increase in gene expression and in circulating eosinophil-derived mediators. An increase in Gal10, observed at the CLC transcript level in eosinophils and in serum\u2014but not in ECP or EDN\u2014suggests the existence of mediator-specific mechanisms that regulate gene expression and extracellular release.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells15171579","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T02:08:58Z","timestamp":1788142138000},"page":"1579","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Blood Eosinophil Subtype-Specific Protein Gene Expression and Eosinophil-Derived Serum Mediators in Allergic Asthma Patients After Bronchial Challenge with Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5418-3269","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Airidas","family":"Rimkunas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pulmonology, Department of Pulmonology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8490-4212","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrius","family":"Januskevicius","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pulmonology, Department of Pulmonology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Egle","family":"Vasyle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pulmonology, Department of Pulmonology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jolita","family":"Palacionyte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-6130-0712","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Skaidrius","family":"Miliauskas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kestutis","family":"Malakauskas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Pulmonology, Department of Pulmonology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania"},{"name":"Department of Pulmonology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, LT-44307 Kaunas, Lithuania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Savin, I.A., Zenkova, M.A., and Sen\u2019kova, A.V. 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