{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,12]],"date-time":"2025-10-12T04:19:15Z","timestamp":1760242755561,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,21]],"date-time":"2016-04-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1461196800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Thoracic aortic dilation is the most common malformation of the proximal aorta and is responsible for 1%\u20132% of all deaths in industrialized countries. In approximately 50% of patients with a bicuspid aortic valve (BAV), dilation of any or all segments of the aorta occurs. BAV patients with aortic dilation show an increased incidence of cultured vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) loss. In this study, VSMC, isolated from the ascending aorta of BAV, was treated with Simian virus 40 to generate a BAV-originated VSMC cell line. To exclude any genomic DNA or cross-contamination, highly polymorphic short tandem repeats of the cells were profiled. The cells were then characterized using flow cytometry and karyotyping. The WG-59 cell line created is the first reported VSMC cell line isolated from a BAV patient. Using an RT2 Profiler PCR Array, genes within the TGF\u03b2\/BMP family that are dependent on losartan treatment were identified. Endoglin was found to be among the regulated genes and was downregulated in WG-59 cells following treatment with different losartan concentrations, when compared to untreated WG-59 cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells5020019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,21]],"date-time":"2016-04-21T10:25:21Z","timestamp":1461234321000},"page":"19","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Generation and Characterization of Vascular Smooth Muscle Cell Lines Derived from a Patient with a Bicuspid Aortic Valve"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Pamela","family":"Lazar-Karsten","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac and Thoracic Vascular Surgery, University of Luebeck, D-23538 Luebeck, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gazanfer","family":"Belge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Human Genetics and Genetic Counselling, University of Bremen, D-28359 Bremen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Detlev","family":"Schult-Badusche","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac and Thoracic Vascular Surgery, University of Luebeck, D-23538 Luebeck, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tim","family":"Focken","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Human Genetics and Genetic Counselling, University of Bremen, D-28359 Bremen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arlo","family":"Radtke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Human Genetics and Genetic Counselling, University of Bremen, D-28359 Bremen, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Junfeng","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac and Thoracic Vascular Surgery, University of Luebeck, D-23538 Luebeck, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pramod","family":"Ranabhat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac and Thoracic Vascular Surgery, University of Luebeck, D-23538 Luebeck, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Salah","family":"Mohamed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac and Thoracic Vascular Surgery, University of Luebeck, D-23538 Luebeck, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2016,4,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1203","DOI":"10.1161\/01.ATV.17.7.1203","article-title":"Smooth muscle cell heterogeneity in pulmonary and systemic vessels. 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