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The recent epidemiological finding that LS patients do not develop cancer is of major scientific and clinical relevance. Epidemiological data suggest that congenital IGF1 deficiency confers protection against the development of malignancies. This \u2018experiment of nature\u2019 reflects the critical role of IGF1 in tumor biology. The present review article provides an overview of recently conducted genome-wide profiling analyses aimed at identifying mechanisms and signaling pathways that are directly responsible for the link between life-time low IGF1 levels and protection from tumor development. The review underscores the concept that \u2018data mining\u2019 an orphan disease might translate into new developments in oncology.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells8060596","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,6,17]],"date-time":"2019-06-17T03:24:41Z","timestamp":1560741881000},"page":"596","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":34,"title":["Genome-Wide Profiling of Laron Syndrome Patients Identifies Novel Cancer Protection Pathways"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0154-1290","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haim","family":"Werner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel"},{"name":"Yoran Institute for Human Genome Research, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lena","family":"Lapkina-Gendler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laris","family":"Achlaug","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karthik","family":"Nagaraj","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lina","family":"Somri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Danielle","family":"Yaron-Saminsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Metsada","family":"Pasmanik-Chor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Bioinformatics Unit, George Wise Faculty of Life Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rive","family":"Sarfstein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Human Molecular Genetics and Biochemistry, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zvi","family":"Laron","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Endocrine and Diabetes Research Unit, Schneider Children\u2019s Medical Center, Petah Tikva 49202, Israel"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Shoshana","family":"Yakar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"David B. 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