{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T02:09:20Z","timestamp":1792634960338,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,13]],"date-time":"2019-07-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1562976000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Fibroblasts are the prevalent cell type and main source for extracellular matrix (ECM) in connective tissue. Depending on their origin, fibroblasts play a central role in non-pathological tissue remodeling and disease like fibrosis. This study examined the effect of established culture conditions of primary human fibroblasts, from different origins on the myofibroblast-like phenotype formation. We isolated primary human fibroblasts from aortic adventitia, lung, juvenile- and adult skin and investigated the expression levels of CD90, alpha smooth muscle actin (\u03b1SMA) and procollagen I under different concentrations of fetal calf serum (FCS) and ascorbic acid (AA) in culture media by immunoblot and immunofluorescence assays. Furthermore, we determined the viability using XTT and migration\/wound healing in scratch assays. Collagen 1 secretion was quantified by specific ELISA. Primary human fibroblasts show in part a myofibroblast-like phenotype even without addition of FCS. Supplemented AA reduces migration of cultured fibroblasts with no or low concentrations of FCS. Furthermore, AA and higher concentrations of FCS in culture media lead to higher levels of collagen 1 secretion instead of procollagen I accumulation. This study provides evidence for a partial switch of primary human fibroblasts of different origin to a myofibroblast-like phenotype under common culture conditions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells8070721","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,15]],"date-time":"2019-07-15T04:55:27Z","timestamp":1563166527000},"page":"721","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":70,"title":["Primary Human Fibroblasts in Culture Switch to a Myofibroblast-Like Phenotype Independently of TGF Beta"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"8","author":[{"given":"Ulrike","family":"Baranyi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiac Surgery Research Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Birgitta","family":"Winter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiac Surgery Research Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5178-9967","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alfred","family":"Gugerell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria"},{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Balazs","family":"Hegedus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christine","family":"Brostjan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G\u00fcnther","family":"Laufer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiac Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8331-6497","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Barbara","family":"Messner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cardiac Surgery Research Laboratory, Department of Surgery, Medical University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,7,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"161","DOI":"10.1016\/S1937-6448(09)76004-6","article-title":"Fibroblasts-a diverse population at the center of it all","volume":"276","author":"Sorrell","year":"2009","journal-title":"Int. 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