{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T05:09:31Z","timestamp":1790744971629,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":102,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,28]],"date-time":"2020-02-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1582848000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PTDC\/BTM-SAL\/29297\/2017, POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029297, PTDC\/MED-FAR\/29391\/2017, POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029391, IF\/01182\/2015, POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007440, UID\/Multi\/04462\/2013"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PTDC\/BTM-SAL\/29297\/2017, POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029297, PTDC\/MED-FAR\/29391\/2017, POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029391, IF\/01182\/2015, POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007440, UID\/Multi\/04462\/2013"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001871","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o para a Ci\u00eancia e a Tecnologia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PD\/BD\/114119\/2015"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PD\/BD\/114119\/2015"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001871","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Program of Competitive Growth of Kazan Federal University","award":["n\/a"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["n\/a"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Despite being a biological waste, human urine contains a small population of cells with self-renewal capacity and differentiation potential into several cell types. Being derived from the convoluted tubules of nephron, renal pelvis, ureters, bladder and urethra, urine-derived stem cells (UDSC) have a similar phenotype to mesenchymal stroma cells (MSC) and can be reprogrammed into iPSC (induced pluripotent stem cells). Having simple, safer, low-cost and noninvasive collection procedures, the interest in UDSC has been growing in the last decade. With great potential in regenerative medicine applications, UDSC can also be used as biological models for pharmacology and toxicology tests. This review describes UDSC biological characteristics and differentiation potential and their possible use, including the potential of UDSC-derived iPSC to be used in drug discovery and toxicology, as well as in regenerative medicine. Being a new cellular platform amenable to noninvasive collection for disease stratification and personalized therapy could be a future application for UDSC.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9030573","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,2]],"date-time":"2020-03-02T07:35:30Z","timestamp":1583134530000},"page":"573","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":75,"title":["Urine-Derived Stem Cells: Applications in Regenerative and Predictive Medicine"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7714-4833","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Guida","family":"Bento","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"CNC\u2013Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, UC-Biotech, University of Coimbra, 3030-789 Cantanhede, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aygul K.","family":"Shafigullina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9427-5739","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Albert A.","family":"Rizvanov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Nottingham, Nottingham LE12 5RD, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7014-4614","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vilma A.","family":"Sard\u00e3o","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNC\u2013Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, UC-Biotech, University of Coimbra, 3030-789 Cantanhede, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2549-0275","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Paula","family":"Macedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Estudos de Doen\u00e7as Cr\u00f3nicas (CEDOC), NOVA Medical School-FCM, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal"},{"name":"APDP-Diabetes Portugal Education and Research Center (APDP-ERC), 1250-189 Lisboa, Portugal"},{"name":"Departmento de Ci\u00eancias M\u00e9dicas, Instituto de Biomedicina-iBiMED, Universidade de Aveiro, Aveiro 3810-193, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5201-9948","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paulo J.","family":"Oliveira","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"CNC\u2013Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, UC-Biotech, University of Coimbra, 3030-789 Cantanhede, Portugal"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1439","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2012.01.128","article-title":"Urine is a highly cytotoxic agent: does it influence stem cell therapies in urology?","volume":"44","author":"Adamowicz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Transplant. 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