{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,22]],"date-time":"2026-04-22T19:08:51Z","timestamp":1776884931666,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":111,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,28]],"date-time":"2020-05-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1590624000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The prevalence of arthritic diseases is increasing in developed countries, but effective treatments are currently lacking. The injection of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represents a promising approach to counteract the degenerative and inflammatory environment characterizing those pathologies, such as osteoarthritis (OA). However, the majority of clinical approaches based on MSCs are used within an autologous paradigm, with important limitations. For this reason, allogeneic MSCs isolated from cord blood (cbMSCs) and Wharton\u2019s jelly (wjMSCs) gained increasing interest, demonstrating promising results in this field. Moreover, recent evidences shows that MSCs beneficial effects can be related to their secretome rather than to the presence of cells themselves. Among the trophic factors secreted by MSCs, extracellular vesicles (EVs) are emerging as a promising candidate for the treatment of arthritic joints. In the present review, the application of umbilical cord MSCs and their secretome as innovative therapeutic approaches in the treatment of arthritic joints will be examined. With the prospective of routine clinical applications, umbilical cord MSCs and EVs will be discussed also within an industrial and regulatory perspective.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9061343","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,29]],"date-time":"2020-05-29T00:44:02Z","timestamp":1590713042000},"page":"1343","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Umbilical Cord MSCs and Their Secretome in the Therapy of Arthritic Diseases: A Research and Industrial Perspective"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6808-1642","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Chiara","family":"Arrigoni","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Regenerative Medicine Technologies Laboratory, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), via Tesserete 46, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9595-6077","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniele","family":"D\u2019Arrigo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Regenerative Medicine Technologies Laboratory, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), via Tesserete 46, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Valeria","family":"Rossella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swiss Stem Cells Biotech, Via Pizzamiglio 12, 6833 Vacallo, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3543-981X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian","family":"Candrian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit\u00e0 di Ortopedia e Traumatologia, Ospedale Regionale di Lugano, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), via Tesserete 46, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland"},{"name":"Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Universit\u00e0 della Svizzera Italiana, Via Buffi 13, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Veronica","family":"Albertini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Swiss Stem Cells Biotech, Via Pizzamiglio 12, 6833 Vacallo, Switzerland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Matteo","family":"Moretti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Regenerative Medicine Technologies Laboratory, Ente Ospedaliero Cantonale (EOC), via Tesserete 46, 6900 Lugano, Switzerland"},{"name":"Cell and Tissue Engineering Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Galeazzi, via R. 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