{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T00:15:35Z","timestamp":1790036135801,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":52,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,10]],"date-time":"2020-06-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1591747200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF-2017M3A9C6029306"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2017M3A9C6029306"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)\/Cas9 system has emerged as a powerful technology, with the potential to generate transgenic animals. Particularly, efficient and precise genetic editing with CRISPR\/Cas9 offers immense prospects in various biotechnological applications. Here, we report that the histone deacetylase inhibitor valproic acid (VPA) significantly increases the efficiency of CRISPR\/Cas9-mediated gene editing in mouse embryonic stem cells and embryos. This effect may be caused through globally enhanced chromatin accessibility, as indicate by histone hyperacetylation. Taken together, our results suggest that VPA can be used to increase the efficacy of CRISPR\/Cas9 in generating transgenic systems.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9061447","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,15]],"date-time":"2020-06-15T12:16:57Z","timestamp":1592223417000},"page":"1447","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Valproic Acid Significantly Improves CRISPR\/Cas9-Mediated Gene Editing"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Hanseul","family":"Park","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering (BK21 Plus), Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Korea"},{"name":"Laboratory of Cell reprogramming and Gene editing, Department of Chemistry, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaein","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering (BK21 Plus), Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Korea"},{"name":"Laboratory of Cell reprogramming and Gene editing, Department of Chemistry, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hwan","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering (BK21 Plus), Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Korea"},{"name":"Laboratory of Cell reprogramming and Gene editing, Department of Chemistry, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Byounggook","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering (BK21 Plus), Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Korea"},{"name":"Laboratory of Cell reprogramming and Gene editing, Department of Chemistry, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jongpil","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering (BK21 Plus), Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Korea"},{"name":"Laboratory of Cell reprogramming and Gene editing, Department of Chemistry, Dongguk University, Seoul 04620, Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"397","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tibtech.2013.04.004","article-title":"ZFN, TALEN and CRISPR\/Cas-based methods for genome engineering","volume":"31","author":"Gaj","year":"2013","journal-title":"Trends Biotechnol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"331","DOI":"10.1038\/nature10886","article-title":"RNA-guided genetic silencing systems in bacteria and archaea","volume":"482","author":"Wiedenheft","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"819","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1231143","article-title":"Multiplex genome engineering using CRISPR\/Cas systems","volume":"339","author":"Cong","year":"2013","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"741","DOI":"10.1038\/nmeth.2532","article-title":"Heritable genome editing in C. elegans via a CRISPR-Cas9 system","volume":"10","author":"Friedland","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nat. 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