{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,26]],"date-time":"2026-09-26T10:01:12Z","timestamp":1790416872384,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":169,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,22]],"date-time":"2020-06-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1592784000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006769","name":"Russian Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["19-15-00425"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["19-15-00425"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006769","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012190","name":"Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["075-15-2019-1669"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["075-15-2019-1669"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012190","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Moscow State University Development Program","award":["PNR 5.13"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PNR 5.13"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Huntington\u2019s disease is a severe and currently incurable neurodegenerative disease. An autosomal dominant mutation in the Huntingtin gene (HTT) causes an increase in the polyglutamine fragment length at the protein N-terminus. The consequence of the mutation is the death of neurons, mostly striatal neurons, leading to the occurrence of a complex of motor, cognitive and emotional-volitional personality sphere disorders in carriers. Despite intensive studies, the functions of both mutant and wild-type huntingtin remain poorly understood. Surprisingly, there is the selective effect of the mutant form of HTT even on nervous tissue, whereas the protein is expressed ubiquitously. Huntingtin plays a role in cell physiology and affects cell transport, endocytosis, protein degradation and other cellular and molecular processes. Our experimental data mining let us conclude that a significant part of the Huntingtin-involved cellular processes is mediated by microtubules and other cytoskeletal cell structures. The review attempts to look at unresolved issues in the study of the huntingtin and its mutant form, including their functions affecting microtubules and other components of the cell cytoskeleton.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9061514","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,24]],"date-time":"2020-06-24T07:14:19Z","timestamp":1592982859000},"page":"1514","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Huntington\u2019s Disease\u2014An Outlook on the Interplay of the HTT Protein, Microtubules and Actin Cytoskeletal Components"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Aleksandra S.","family":"Taran","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1\u201373, Leninsky Gory, 119992 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lilia D.","family":"Shuvalova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1\u201373, Leninsky Gory, 119992 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 1a Malaya Pirogovskaya St., 119435 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9594-1134","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria A.","family":"Lagarkova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 1a Malaya Pirogovskaya St., 119435 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 1a Malaya Pirogovskaya St., 119435 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5726-4889","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Irina B.","family":"Alieva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Federal Research and Clinical Center of Physical-Chemical Medicine of Federal Medical Biological Agency, 1a Malaya Pirogovskaya St., 119435 Moscow, Russia"},{"name":"A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 1\u201340, Leninsky Gory, 119992 Moscow, Russia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/bs.ircmb.2015.09.004","article-title":"Microtubule dynamics in neuronal development, plasticity, and neurodegeneration","volume":"321","author":"Penazzi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. Rev. Cell Mol. Biol."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"202004031","DOI":"10.1083\/jcb.202004031","article-title":"Microtubules keep large cells in shape","volume":"219","author":"Meiring","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. 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