{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T21:19:23Z","timestamp":1791839963351,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":236,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,7]],"date-time":"2020-09-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1599436800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness","award":["SAF2013-43833-R; SAF2016-78180-R"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SAF2013-43833-R; SAF2016-78180-R"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The interleukin 23 (IL-23) is a key pro-inflammatory cytokine in the development of chronic inflammatory diseases, such as psoriasis, inflammatory bowel diseases, multiple sclerosis, or rheumatoid arthritis. The pathological consequences of excessive IL-23 signaling have been linked to its ability to promote the production of inflammatory mediators, such as IL-17, IL-22, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating (GM-CSF), or the tumor necrosis factor (TNF\u03b1) by target populations, mainly Th17 and IL-17-secreting TCR\u03b3\u03b4 cells (T\u03b3\u03b417). Due to their pivotal role in inflammatory diseases, IL-23 and its downstream effector molecules have emerged as attractive therapeutic targets, leading to the development of neutralizing antibodies against IL-23 and IL-17 that have shown efficacy in different inflammatory diseases. Despite the success of monoclonal antibodies, there are patients that show no response or partial response to these treatments. Thus, effective therapies for inflammatory diseases may require the combination of multiple immune-modulatory drugs to prevent disease progression and to improve quality of life. Alternative strategies aimed at inhibiting intracellular signaling cascades using small molecule inhibitors or interfering peptides have not been fully exploited in the context of IL-23-mediated diseases. In this review, we discuss the current knowledge about proximal signaling events triggered by IL-23 upon binding to its membrane receptor to bring to the spotlight new opportunities for therapeutic intervention in IL-23-mediated pathologies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9092044","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,7]],"date-time":"2020-09-07T09:18:16Z","timestamp":1599470296000},"page":"2044","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":97,"title":["Decoding IL-23 Signaling Cascade for New Therapeutic Opportunities"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Gloria","family":"Pastor-Fern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Biolog\u00eda Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas and Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid (CSIC\/UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabel R.","family":"Mariblanca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Biolog\u00eda Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas and Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid (CSIC\/UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3977-812X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda N.","family":"Navarro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centro de Biolog\u00eda Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cient\u00edficas and Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid (CSIC\/UAM), 28049 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3707","article-title":"The IL-23-IL-17 immune axis: From mechanisms to therapeutic testing","volume":"14","author":"Gaffen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nat. 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