{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,17]],"date-time":"2026-02-17T11:37:27Z","timestamp":1771328247906,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":149,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,11]],"date-time":"2020-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1599782400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000002","name":"National Institutes of Health","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["C.V.B. is funded by National Institutes of Health (NIH) R01NS090962, NIH R01NS102395, and NIH R21NS109575."],"award-info":[{"award-number":["C.V.B. is funded by National Institutes of Health (NIH) R01NS090962, NIH R01NS102395, and NIH R21NS109575."]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000002","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Stroke is a life-threatening disease that leads to mortality, with survivors subjected to long-term disability. Microvascular damage is implicated as a key pathological feature, as well as a therapeutic target for stroke. In this review, we present evidence detailing subacute diaschisis in a focal ischemic stroke rat model with a focus on blood\u2013brain barrier (BBB) integrity and related pathogenic processes in contralateral brain areas. Additionally, we discuss BBB competence in chronic diaschisis in a similar rat stroke model, highlighting the pathological changes in contralateral brain areas that indicate progressive morphological brain disturbances overtime after stroke onset. With diaschisis closely approximating stroke onset and progression, it stands as a treatment of interest for stroke. Indeed, the use of stem cell transplantation for the repair of microvascular damage has been investigated, demonstrating that bone marrow stem cells intravenously transplanted into rats 48 h post-stroke survive and integrate into the microvasculature. Ultrastructural analysis of transplanted stroke brains reveals that microvessels display a near-normal morphology of endothelial cells and their mitochondria. Cell-based therapeutics represent a new mechanism in BBB and microvascular repair for stroke.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9092075","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,11]],"date-time":"2020-09-11T09:05:16Z","timestamp":1599815116000},"page":"2075","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Stem Cell Repair of the Microvascular Damage in Stroke"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Madeline","family":"Saft","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48104, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bella","family":"Gonzales-Portillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northwestern University, Evanston, IL 60208, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"You Jeong","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33612, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Blaise","family":"Cozene","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nadia","family":"Sadanandan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Justin","family":"Cho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33612, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Svitlana","family":"Garbuzova-Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33612, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2966-9782","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cesar V.","family":"Borlongan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosurgery and Brain Repair, University of South Florida Morsani College of Medicine, Tampa, FL 33612, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"472","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dhjo.2014.06.005","article-title":"Stroke and active life expectancy in the United States, 1999\u20132009","volume":"7","author":"Laditka","year":"2014","journal-title":"Disabil Health J."},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"e6","article-title":"Heart disease and stroke statistics\u20142013 update: A report from the American Heart Association","volume":"127","author":"Go","year":"2013","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2009). 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