{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T23:39:46Z","timestamp":1790293186045,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":120,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,24]],"date-time":"2020-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1600905600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100000780","name":"European Commission","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["825931"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["825931"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100000780","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Tuberculosis (TB) caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis is one of the most lethal infectious diseases with estimates of approximately 1.4 million human deaths in 2018. M. tuberculosis has a well-established ability to circumvent the host immune system to ensure its intracellular survival and persistence in the host. Mechanisms include subversion of expression of key microRNAs (miRNAs) involved in the regulation of host innate and adaptive immune response against M. tuberculosis. Several studies have reported differential expression of miRNAs during active TB and latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), suggesting their potential use as biomarkers of disease progression and response to anti-TB therapy. This review focused on the miRNAs involved in TB pathogenesis and on the mechanism through which miRNAs induced during TB modulate cell antimicrobial responses. An attentive study of the recent literature identifies a group of miRNAs, which are differentially expressed in active TB vs. LTBI or vs. treated TB and can be proposed as candidate biomarkers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9102160","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,24]],"date-time":"2020-09-24T08:33:03Z","timestamp":1600936383000},"page":"2160","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":97,"title":["Tuberculosis-Associated MicroRNAs: From Pathogenesis to Disease Biomarkers"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Sinigaglia","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elektra","family":"Peta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Riccetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seshasailam","family":"Venkateswaran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Chemistry, Kings Buildings, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH9 3FJ, UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0940-7336","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Riccardo","family":"Manganelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0720-8456","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luisa","family":"Barzon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padova, 35121 Padova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"856","DOI":"10.1126\/science.1185449","article-title":"The population dynamics and control of tuberculosis","volume":"328","author":"Dye","year":"2010","journal-title":"Science"},{"key":"ref_2","unstructured":"WHO (2019). 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