{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,20]],"date-time":"2026-08-20T02:33:35Z","timestamp":1787193215049,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":129,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,15]],"date-time":"2020-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1602720000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81771769"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81771769"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006606","name":"Tianjin Natural Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["18JCYBJC42700"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["18JCYBJC42700"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006606","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is highly heterogeneous in terms of etiology and clinical presentation with ambiguity in JIA classification. The advance of high-throughput omics technologies in recent years has gained us significant knowledge about the molecular mechanisms of JIA. Besides a minor proportion of JIA cases as monogenic, most JIA cases are polygenic disease caused by autoimmune mechanisms. A number of HLA alleles (including both HLA class I and class II genes), and 23 non-HLA genetic loci have been identified of association with different JIA subtypes. Omics technologies, i.e., transcriptome profiling and epigenomic analysis, contributed significant knowledge on the molecular mechanisms of JIA in addition to the genetic approach. New molecular knowledge on different JIA subtypes enables us to reconsider the JIA classification, but also highlights novel therapeutic targets to develop a cure for the devastating JIA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9102301","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,15]],"date-time":"2020-10-15T21:42:21Z","timestamp":1602798141000},"page":"2301","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["The Multi-Omics Architecture of Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Xiaoyuan","family":"Hou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology, the Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9317-4488","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Huiqi","family":"Qu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Applied Genomics, the Children\u2019s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sipeng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology, the Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4368-5404","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaohui","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology, the Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hakon","family":"Hakonarson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Applied Genomics, the Children\u2019s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA"},{"name":"Division of Human Genetics, Children\u2019s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, the Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qianghua","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology, the Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7024-3591","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology, the Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China"},{"name":"Tianjin Eye Hospital, Tianjin 300020, China"},{"name":"Tianjin Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tianjin Eye Institute, Tianjin 300020, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbspin.2013.09.003","article-title":"Prevalence and incidence of juvenile idiopathic arthritis: A systematic review","volume":"81","author":"Thierry","year":"2014","journal-title":"Jt. 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