{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T18:17:51Z","timestamp":1790792271635,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":119,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,11]],"date-time":"2020-11-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1605052800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is defined clinicopathologically by the accumulation of lipids in &gt;5% of hepatocytes and the exclusion of secondary causes of fat accumulation. NAFLD encompasses a wide spectrum of liver damage, extending from simple steatosis or non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFL) to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH)\u2014the latter is characterized by inflammation and hepatocyte ballooning degeneration, in addition to the steatosis, with or without fibrosis. NAFLD is now the most common cause of chronic liver disease in Western countries and affects around one quarter of the general population. It is a multisystem disorder, which is associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus as well as liver- and cardiovascular-related mortality. Although earlier studies had suggested that NAFL is benign (i.e., non-progressive), cumulative evidence challenges this dogma, and recent data suggest that nearly 25% of those with NAFL may develop fibrosis. Importantly, NAFLD patients are more susceptible to the toxic effects of alcohol, drugs, and other insults to the liver. This is likely due to the functional impairment of steatotic hepatocytes, which is virtually undetectable by current clinical tests. This review provides an overview of the current evidence on the clinical significance of NAFL and discusses the molecular basis for NAFL development and progression.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9112458","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,11]],"date-time":"2020-11-11T19:08:28Z","timestamp":1605121708000},"page":"2458","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":60,"title":["Significance of Simple Steatosis: An Update on the Clinical and Molecular Evidence"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"given":"Guillermo","family":"Mazzolini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Gene Therapy Laboratory, Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional (IIMT), Universidad Austral-CONICET, Pilar Buenos Aires B1629, Argentina"},{"name":"Liver Unit, Hospital Universitario Austral, Universidad Austral, G4VP+C5 Pilar Centro, Buenos Aires Province, Argentinien Buenos Aires B1629AHJ, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2943-0015","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jan-Peter","family":"Sowa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, 44892 Bochum, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Catalina","family":"Atorrasagasti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gene Therapy Laboratory, Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional (IIMT), Universidad Austral-CONICET, Pilar Buenos Aires B1629, Argentina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"\u00d6zlem","family":"K\u00fcc\u00fckoglu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Infectious Diseases, Otto-von-Guericke University Magdeburg, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7966-0500","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wing-Kin","family":"Syn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Gastroenterology, Ralph H Johnson VA Medical Center, Charleston, SC 29401, USA"},{"name":"Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA"},{"name":"Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of the Basque Country, UPV\/EHU, 48940 Leioa, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6069-7899","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ali","family":"Canbay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Knappschaftskrankenhaus Bochum, Ruhr University Bochum, 44892 Bochum, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"73","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.28431","article-title":"Global epidemiology of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease-Meta-analytic assessment of prevalence, incidence, and outcomes","volume":"64","author":"Younossi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hepatol. 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