{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T07:32:36Z","timestamp":1790235156504,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,20]],"date-time":"2020-11-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1605830400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003130","name":"FWO","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["1198920N"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1198920N"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003130","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Cells"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Eosinophils play a role in many chronic lung diseases. In lung transplantation (LTx), increased eosinophils in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) was associated with worse outcomes. However, the effect of peripheral blood eosinophilia after LTx has not been investigated thoroughly. A retrospective study was performed including all LTx patients between 2011\u20132016. Chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD)-free and graft survival were compared between patients with high and low blood eosinophils using an 8% threshold ever during follow-up. A total of 102 patients (27.1%) had high blood eosinophils (\u22658%) (45 before CLAD and 17 after, 40 had no CLAD) and 274 (72.9%) had low eosinophils (&lt;8%). Patients with high blood eosinophils demonstrated worse graft survival (p = 0.0001) and CLAD-free survival (p = 0.003) compared to low eosinophils. Patients with both high blood and high BAL (\u22652%) eosinophils ever during follow-up had the worst outcomes. Within the high blood eosinophil group, 23.5% had RAS compared to 3% in the group with low eosinophils (p &lt; 0.0001). After multivariate analysis, the association between high blood eosinophils and graft and CLAD-free survival remained significant (p = 0.036, p = 0.013) independent of high BAL eosinophils and infection at peak blood eosinophilia, among others. LTx recipients with ever \u22658% blood eosinophils demonstrate inferior graft and CLAD-free survival, specifically RAS, which requires further prospective research.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/cells9112516","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,23]],"date-time":"2020-11-23T08:18:23Z","timestamp":1606119503000},"page":"2516","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Peripheral Blood Eosinophilia Is Associated with Poor Outcome Post-Lung Transplantation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"9","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3326-3769","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Janne","family":"Kaes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elise","family":"Van der Borght","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arno","family":"Vanstapel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Pathology, UH Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anke","family":"Van Herck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Respiratory Diseases, Lung Transplant Unit, UH Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Annelore","family":"Sacreas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tobias","family":"Heigl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bart","family":"Vanaudenaerde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurent","family":"Godinas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Diseases, Lung Transplant Unit, UH Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1261-0992","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dirk","family":"Van Raemdonck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Thoracic Surgery, UH Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurens","family":"Ceulemans","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Thoracic Surgery, UH Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arne","family":"Neyrinck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Anesthesiology and Algology, Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3468-9251","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Robin","family":"Vos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Respiratory Diseases, Lung Transplant Unit, UH Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Geert","family":"Verleden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Respiratory Diseases, Lung Transplant Unit, UH Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stijn","family":"Verleden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases and Thoracic Surgery (BREATHE), Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism, KU Leuven, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"Group the Leuven Lung Transplant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"268","DOI":"10.1097\/MOT.0000000000000753","article-title":"Survival in adult lung transplantation","volume":"25","author":"Bos","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. 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