{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,14]],"date-time":"2026-02-14T05:13:23Z","timestamp":1771046003475,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,18]],"date-time":"2023-01-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674000000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Italian cystic fibrosis Research Foundation-project","award":["FFC#30\/2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FFC#30\/2018"]}]},{"name":"Italian cystic fibrosis Research Foundation-project","award":["FFC#24\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FFC#24\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Italian cystic fibrosis Research Foundation-project","award":["FFC#30\/2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FFC#30\/2018"]}]},{"name":"Italian cystic fibrosis Research Foundation-project","award":["FFC#24\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FFC#24\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Delegazione FFC di Siena, Delegazione FFC di Monterotondo Roma, Delegazione FFC di Olbia","award":["FFC#30\/2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FFC#30\/2018"]}]},{"name":"Delegazione FFC di Siena, Delegazione FFC di Monterotondo Roma, Delegazione FFC di Olbia","award":["FFC#24\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FFC#24\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Delegazione FFC di Siena, Delegazione FFC di Monterotondo Roma, Delegazione FFC di Olbia","award":["FFC#30\/2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FFC#30\/2018"]}]},{"name":"Delegazione FFC di Siena, Delegazione FFC di Monterotondo Roma, Delegazione FFC di Olbia","award":["FFC#24\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FFC#24\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Delegazione FFC di Acqui Terme","award":["FFC#30\/2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FFC#30\/2018"]}]},{"name":"Delegazione FFC di Acqui Terme","award":["FFC#24\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FFC#24\/2020"]}]},{"name":"Delegazione FFC di Acqui Terme","award":["FFC#30\/2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FFC#30\/2018"]}]},{"name":"Delegazione FFC di Acqui Terme","award":["FFC#24\/2020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FFC#24\/2020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Children"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: An inconclusive diagnosis of cystic fibrosis (CF) after positive newborn screening (NBS) may cause parental distress. We compared the psychological impact of CF transmembrane conductance regulator-related metabolic syndrome (CRMS)\/CF screen-positive, inconclusive diagnosis (CFSPID), and clear CF diagnosis, on parents. Methods: The participants were administered the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale, Patient Health Questionnaire-9, and the Italian version of the Impact of Event Scale-Revised as quantitative tools and semi-structured interviews as qualitative tools. Parental experience, child representation, relationships, future information, and perception of health status were investigated. Interviews were recorded and transcribed verbatim maintaining anonymity. Results: Thirty-two families were enrolled: sixteen with CF and CRMS\/CFSPID, respectively. Anxiety and depression values were high in both groups, as were the measurement of traumatic impact subscales: avoidance, intrusiveness, and hyperarousal. The children\u2019s health was evaluated by respective parents as being nearly healthy. Conclusions: Our results highlight negative psychological impacts, including emotional and affective representations, on parents of children with inconclusive CF diagnosis compared with those with clear diagnosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/children10020177","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,18]],"date-time":"2023-01-18T01:57:57Z","timestamp":1674007077000},"page":"177","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["A Multicentre Italian Study on the Psychological Impact of an Inconclusive Cystic Fibrosis Diagnosis after Positive Neonatal Screening"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Antonella","family":"Tosco","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Paediatric Unit, Cystic Fibrosis Regional Reference Center, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Diletta","family":"Marino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Freelance Psychologist, 50139 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sara","family":"Polizzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Paediatric Unit, Cystic Fibrosis Regional Reference Center, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Tradati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cystic Fibrosis Regional Support Center, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0624-8125","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rita","family":"Padoan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cystic Fibrosis Regional Support Center, University of Brescia, ASST Spedali Civili of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy"},{"name":"Scientific Board Italian CF Registry, 00100 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Giust","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cystic Fibrosis Regional Reference Center, Mother-Child Department, United Hospitals, 60131 Ancona, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Benedetta","family":"Fabrizzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cystic Fibrosis Regional Reference Center, Mother-Child Department, United Hospitals, 60131 Ancona, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9448-5381","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giovanni","family":"Taccetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Meyer Children\u2019s Hospital IRCCS, Cystic Fibrosis Regional Reference Center, Department of Paediatric Medicine, Viale Gaetano Pieraccini 24, 50139 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lucia","family":"Merli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Azienda Sanitaria Toscana Centro, Palliative Care Unit, 50100 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1106-4424","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Vito","family":"Terlizzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Meyer Children\u2019s Hospital IRCCS, Cystic Fibrosis Regional Reference Center, Department of Paediatric Medicine, Viale Gaetano Pieraccini 24, 50139 Florence, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2195","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)32542-3","article-title":"Cystic fibrosis","volume":"397","author":"Shteinberg","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcf.2016.12.012","article-title":"The expansion and performance of national newborn screening programmes for cystic fibrosis in Europe","volume":"16","author":"Barben","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. 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