{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,24]],"date-time":"2026-02-24T15:43:55Z","timestamp":1771947835034,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,8]],"date-time":"2023-03-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678233600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Glenrose Rehabilitation Hospital Foundation"},{"name":"Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Children"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Schroth exercises for scoliosis are prescribed based on curve types. This study aimed to determine the reliability of an algorithm for classifying Schroth curve types. Forty-four consecutive volunteers with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis, 10 to 18 years old, with curves 10\u00b0 to 50\u00b0, were recruited from a scoliosis clinic. Their standing posture and Adam\u2019s bending test were videotaped. Ten consecutive Schroth therapist volunteers from an international registry independently classified the curve types using the proposed classification algorithm. Videos were rated twice at least seven days apart. Reliability was calculated using the Gwet\u2019s AC1 agreement coefficient for all the raters and for subgroups reporting full understanding (well-trained) and with prior algorithm experience. The intra-rater and weighted agreement coefficients for all the raters were 0.64 (95% CI: 0.53\u20130.73) and 0.75 (0.63\u20130.84), respectively. For the well-trained raters, they were 0.70 (0.60\u20130.78) and 0.82 (0.73\u20130.88), respectively; for the experienced raters, they were 0.81 (0.77\u20130.85) and 0.89 (0.80\u20130.94), respectively. The inter-rater versus weighted agreement coefficients for all the raters were 0.43 (0.28\u20130.58) versus 0.48 (0.29\u20130.67). For the well-trained raters, they were 0.50 (0.38\u20130.61) versus 0.61 (0.49\u20130.72), and for the experienced raters, they were 0.67 (0.50\u20130.85) versus 0.79 (0.64\u20130.94). Full understanding and experience led to higher reliability. Use of the algorithm can help standardize Schroth exercise treatment.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/children10030523","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,8]],"date-time":"2023-03-08T02:30:23Z","timestamp":1678242623000},"page":"523","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Algorithm for Schroth-Curve-Type Classification of Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: An Intra- and Inter-Rater Reliability Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"10","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8231-5131","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sanja","family":"Schreiber","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, University of Alberta, 8205 114 Street, 2-50 Corbett Hall, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G4, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3835-0607","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eric C.","family":"Parent","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, University of Alberta, 8205 114 Street, 2-50 Corbett Hall, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G4, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gregory N.","family":"Kawchuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, University of Alberta, 8205 114 Street, 2-50 Corbett Hall, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G4, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Douglas M.","family":"Hedden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, 8440 112 Street, 2D2.24 WMC, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R7, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1527","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(08)60658-3","article-title":"Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis","volume":"371","author":"Weinstein","year":"2008","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","first-page":"2","article-title":"Scoliosis Adolescent Idiopathic Scoliosis: Natural History and Long Term Treatment Effects","volume":"1","author":"Asher","year":"2006","journal-title":"Scoliosis Spinal Disord."},{"key":"ref_3","unstructured":"LehnertSchroth, C. 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